FCS 324 Week 1 Quiz

FCS 324 Week 1 Quiz | Los Rios Community College 

Module 1 Quiz - Introduction to Human Development 

Question 1 

Thompson uses observation and surveys to study how much time children spend playing outside. The objective of this research is to ________.  

·         describe the occurrence of time spent playing outside

·         to explain why children play outside.  

·         randomly assign people to different conditions, then use hypothesis testing to make inferences about how these conditions influence time spent playing outside  

·         formally test whether a relationship exists between time spent playing outside and some other variable.

 

 

Question 2

 

When researchers select participants for their studies in a random way to insure that all members have an equal chance of being selected, they are demonstrating which value of the scientific method?  

·         The scientific method allows for asking only those individuals with whom we are familiar to participate in a study.  

·         The scientific method allows for validating our own experience by discussing what we think is true with others who share the same views.  

·         The scientific method offers a systematic way to make comparisons and guard against bias.  

·         The scientific method allows for personal inquiry and drawing conclusions based on what we have personally experienced.

 

 

Question 3

 

The National Institutes of Health released a large dataset from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study, or the ABCD Study. Now researchers from around the world have access to this data and can conduct ________ on various factors related to brain, cognitive, social, and emotional development.

  

·         content analysis  

·         secondary content analysis  

·         surveys  

·         observational studies

 

Question 4

Millennials, those born between 1982 and 2000, are considered tech-savvy because they grew up with technology and rely on it for daily activities. Millennials are defined by characteristics that were formed while growing up with advancements in technology as part of their world and culture. Which of Baltes’ contextual influences does this represent?  

·         Normative contextual intelligence  

·         Nonnormative influences  

·         Normative age-graded influences  

·         Normative history-graded influences

 

Question 5

A theorist proposes that children learn language by observing and imitating their parents, who in turn reinforce the sounds and words their children produce. In the nature versus nurture debate, where does this theorist’s proposal fit?  

·         Reciprocation between nature and nurture  

·         Nature  

·         Nurture  

·         Interaction between nature and nurture

 

Question 6

Research indicates that family education, income, and occupation strongly influence the academic achievement gap across racial/ethnic groups. Which contextual influence on development does this exemplify?  

·         Socioeconomic status   

·         History  

·         Cohort  

·         Culture

 

 

Question 7

 

To examine the effectiveness of two types of interventions for anxiety, researchers randomly assigned participants to a 12-week course of cognitive-behavioral therapy, a 12-week mindfulness-based stress reduction program, or a waitlist control group. The researchers administered a standardized measure of anxiety to participants before and after the interventions or waitlist period. In this experiment, what is the dependent variable?  

·         Anxiety  

·         Mindfulness-based stress reduction  

·         Waitlist control group  

·         Cognitive-behavioral therapy

 

 Question 8

Petersen designed a correlational study to determine if time spent playing video games is related to obesity. What was the objective of this research?  

·         To randomly assign participants to different conditions, then use hypothesis testing to make inferences about how these conditions influence behavior.  

·         To describe the occurrence of a phenomenon.  

·         To formally test whether a relationship exists between two or more variables.  

·         To explain why people play video games.

 

Question 9

Researchers conducted an experiment to study the effects of sleep training on sleep duration and quality. They randomly assigned some participants to a treatment condition where they received eight sessions of sleep enhancement training and some participants to a control condition where they did not receive the training. If the participants who received sleep enhancement training had better sleep duration and quality than the people who did not receive the training, then the researcher can conclude that the training works. What advantage of experimental research does this demonstrate?  

·         Experimental research reviews media (e.g., old texts, pictures) to explore patterns in behavior.  

·         Experimental research allows the researcher to serve as a participant in the study.  

·         Experimental research uncovers as much as possible about a single person or situation.  

·         Experimental research helps establish cause and effect relationships.

 

Question 10

A talk show host likes to interview guests who thought their course in life was set and determined by challenges they experienced as children and teens, but who later encountered situations and opportunities that transformed their lives into something they could not have envisioned earlier in life. This talk show host’s approach is aligned with Baltes’ key principle of lifespan development that ________.

  

·         development is lifelong  

·         development is plastic  

·         development is multidisciplinary  

·         development is multidimensional

 

 

Question 11

Teresa believes her cultural practices are the best and right ones, and it is difficult for her to understand the cultural practices of other societies. Tanya expresses an appreciation for cultural differences and a willingness to consider the perspectives of people in other cultures. Teresa’s view demonstrates ________, while Tanya’s view demonstrates ________.  

·         a cohort effect; contextual intelligence  

·         ethnocentrism; cultural relativity  

·         nonnormative influences; normative history-graded influences  

·         one dimensional culture; multidimensional culture

 

 

Question 12

A group of friends get together and their conversation revolves around love and work: relationships, planning for future marriage and children, finishing formal education and establishing their careers, developing independence, and feeling like an adult. This group of friends is in the ________ period of human development.  

·         early adulthood  

·         adolescence  

·         mid-life crisis  

·         middle adulthood

 

 Question 13

 

Parents exclaim, “One day my baby was crawling around on the floor, and the next day my toddler was wobbling around the house on two feet! It all happened so suddenly.” Which approach to describing how developmental changes occur does the parents’ statement reflect?

  

·         Discontinuous development  

·         Continuous development  

·         Sequential development  

·         Universal development

 

 Question 14

In a health class for middle schoolers, the instructor discusses puberty, to the embarrassment of the students, and reviews the biological factors involved in how their bodies are changing, the cognitive factors involved in more advanced thinking skills, the emotional factors involved in regulating feelings, and the social factors involved in navigating relationships. This illustrates which of Baltes’ key principles of lifespan development?  

·         Development has gains and losses.  

·         Development is multidisciplinary.  

·         Development is plastic.    

·         Development is multidimensional.

 

Question 15

Carlton conducts evaluation research of language enrichment programs for preschool children from low-income families. The objective of this research is to ________.  

·         assess the effectiveness of an academic enrichment program

·         randomly assign participants to different conditions, then use hypothesis testing to make inferences about how these conditions influence behavior.  

·         describe the language enrichment needs of children from low-income families  

·         explain why children from low-income families have language enrichment needs.

 

 Question 16

A graduate student research team is giving an oral presentation of their research on self-efficacy and resilience in young adults. They note that a limitation of their study is that participants were recruited from the university that they attend. What makes this a study limitation?  

·         It is more difficult to get IRB approval for studies involving college and university students. 

·         It is an ethical violation for graduate researchers to recruit participants from the college/university they attend.    

·         College students are samples of convenience that are not randomly selected from the wider population and may not represent all young adults in our society.    

·         University students tend to have higher rates of attrition compared to non-university students.

 

Question 17

As an elementary school student, Hayden’s life revolves around learning and testing new academic skills, refining motor skills, and developing social relationships with friends and students outside of the family. Hayden is in the ________ period of human development.  

·         middle childhood  

·         early childhood  

·         adolescence  

·         elementary

 

 

Question 18

A team of researchers are interested in studying changes in parenting style over time, as children and parents grow older. One researcher states, “If we choose a ________, then it would be less time consuming and expensive. Another researcher comments, “If we choose that design, then we have measurements of parenting style for one point in time, and we can’t be sure about changes with age over time.” They are discussing the advantages and disadvantages of which research design?  

·         cohort sequential research design  

·         longitudinal research design  

·         sequential research design  

·         cross-sectional research design

 

 Question 19

In order to minimize attrition in studies with infants and children, researchers are advised to ________.  

·         design the study to be as short as possible  

·         withhold snacks until the study is complete

·         minimize breaks for rest 

·         provide more enticements in the form of rewards

 

 

Question 20

In a prenatal education class, an instructor informs parents that their child’s development will be influenced by many factors, including biological, cognitive, social, and emotional factors. This instructor is addressing which of Baltes’ key principles of lifespan development?  

·         Development is multidimensional.  

·         Development is changeable.  

·         Development has gains and losses.  

·         Development is lifelong.

 

 

Question 21

Parents track the number of new words their toddler learns each day and are surprised by how many new words their child has learned at the end of one month. By charting their child’s language development, these parents are showing an interest in the ________ of human development.  

·         lifespan domain  

·         physical domain  

·         psychosocial domain  

·         cognitive domain

  

Question 22

In a study of children, let’s suppose that researchers found a positive correlation (r= .63) between creativity and resilience. How is this finding interpreted?  

·         Children who score higher on measures of creativity tend to score lower on measures of resilience.  

·         Greater creativity causes children to be more resilient when they are faced with challenges.  

·         Greater creativity causes children to be less resilient when they are faced with challenges.  

·         Children who score higher on measures of creativity also score higher on measures of resilience.

 

Question 23

A couple arrives at a research lab to participate in a research study of psychosocial factors related to relationship satisfaction. After they learn about the study, they are asked to review a(n) ________, which reviews the procedures to be used in the research, any expected risks or benefits, and serves as a contract stating that they agree to participate in research.  

·         attrition prevention statement  

·         informed consent statement    

·         recruitment agreement  

·         IRB approval statement

 

 Question 24

 

While most human development theorists and researchers have focused on infancy and childhood, and some on adolescence, others have explored development over the course of one’s entire life, which aligns with Baltes’ key principle of lifespan development that ________.  

·         development is lifelong  

·         development is changeable  

·         development has gains and losses  

·         development has socio-cultural influences

 

 Question 25

Parenting advice from researchers has changed over time. Consider changes in recommendations for safe sleeping positions for infants. This demonstrates which value of the scientific method?  

·         The scientific method allows for continuous updating of information to support best practices.  

·         The scientific method allows for validating our own experience by discussing what we think is true with others who share the same views.  

·         The scientific method allows for agreement based on what others have told you or cultural ideas.  

·         The scientific method allows for personal inquiry and drawing conclusions based on what we have personally experienced.