Religion 100 La Salle Week 3

Religion 100 La Salle Week 3

Many scholars suggest that the best way of understanding Buddhism is to locate where Buddhism differs from Hinduism. Which one of the followings is NOT true about the difference between Hinduism and Buddhism?

Group of answer choices

Buddhism is more communal than Hinduism in the sense that Buddhists form a religious community to help each other to attain liberation, while in Hinduism individuals are to pursue their own spiritual paths alone.

Buddhists are explicit about why we need liberation (moksha or nirvana) because life is suffering itself, while Hindus are not explicit about it though they agree that life is suffering.

Buddhism does not believe deities like God or gods/goddess, while Hinduism believes them.

Buddhism is more egalitarian because it does not recognize the Hindu caste system.

Buddhists focus more on meditation while Hindus believe in devotion.

Flag question: Question 2

The Buddhist’s “Three Marks of Existence” includes impermanence (anicca), suffering (dukkha), and non-soul/non-self (anatta). Among them, the last, anatta, makes the Buddhist teaching of reincarnation different from the Hindu teaching of it. Which one of the followings is NOT true about anatta?

Group of answer choices

Shakyamuni Buddha explained what anatta was like by his famous analogy of lighting a candle. Lighting a candle from the flame of another candle does not mean the original flame is on the latter candle. It only means the flame of the first candle caused the flame of the latter candle just as the actions of a previous life is the ignition to the next life.

In Buddhism, because of anatta, karmic residues, both good and bad, left on my body from my previous life are not entirely or properly mine.

Because of anatta, there is only a limited number of rebirths permitted.

From a certain aspect, anatta should be understood not as the absence of soul or self but as non-individuality of the soul.

Because of anatta, one is able to be in command of their own karmic destinations.

Flag question: Question 3

Which one of the followings is NOT true about Mahayana Buddhism?

Group of answer choices

The metaphysical understanding of the religious cosmology is important.

Mahayana monastics get married though it varies depending on the adopted rule of a Mahayana country.

The King Asoka was converted into Mahayana Buddhism.

In Mahayana Buddhism, the Buddha is considered a supernatural being or God.

The primary virtue is compassion rather than wisdom.

Flag question: Question 4

Which one of the followings is NOT true about Theravada Buddhism?

Group of answer choices

Arhats, the enlightened ones while living, become the Buddhas after death. But out of their compassion they do not stay in nirvana but return to this world help people.

The monastic life is the center of Theravadins, and the monastics (monks and nuns) are not married and extremely venerated by lay believers.

The Buddha is considered a human saint.

The text is important, so diligently studying what the historical Buddha says and making a progress is important.

Theravada Buddhism is individualistic while Mahayana Buddhism is communal.

Flag question: Question 5

Which one of the followings is NOT true about Pure Land Buddhism?

Group of answer choices

As a Mahayana sect, it thrived in China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.

In Pure Land Buddhism, Amitabha Buddha is venerated and worshiped.

The Pure Land Buddhists believe that their Buddha has created a paradise for the believers.

Pure Land Buddhism emphasizes social justice, so the Pure Land Buddhists are encouraged to fight for equality and justice of society to obtain karmic credits.

They believe in liberation/salvation by faith in their Buddha, just like the Protestant Christians believe in salvation by faith in Christ.

Flag question: Question 6

Which one of the followings is NOT true about Vajrayana Buddhism?

Group of answer choices

Vajrayana Buddhism incorporates the Tibet’s indigenous form of tantrism, but unlike the Hindu tantrism, its tantrism does not contain sexual elements.

Vajrayana Buddhism combines Theravada’s monasticism and Mahayana texts.

Vajrayana Buddhism includes the shamanism and rituals of the Tibetan indigenous belief.

Vajrayana Buddhism, meaning the “thunderbolt-diamond Buddhism,” was originally developed out of Mahayana Buddhism.

It is primarily Tibetan Buddhism and has its presence in Mongolia, Bhutan, and Nepal.

Flag question: Question 7

Which one of the followings is NOT true about Zen Buddhism?

Group of answer choices

It is the Buddhism whose core philosophy is fused with the Chinese Taoism.

In Zen Buddhism, koan plays a central role in education and enlightenment.

Zen Buddhism is called Chan Buddhism in China and Son Buddhism in Korea.

Zen Buddhism has little to do with the famous, Buddha’s Flower Sermon

Zen Buddhism is the largest denomination or sect of Mahayana Buddhism.

Flag question: Question 8

Which one of the followings is NOT true about Nichiren Buddhism?

Group of answer choices

Nichiren Buddhism focuses on finding harmony within oneself rather than social justice.

Nichiren Buddhism believes that everyone is born with Buddha nature, so we are all able to get enlightened in this present life.

Nichiren Buddhism, also called Tendai Buddhism, emerged from the teachings of its founder, the 13th-century Japanese monk, Nichiren. Thus, it is primarily a Japanese Buddhism.

Nichiren Buddhists are known for their chanting of the mantra, “Namu Myoho Renge Kyo,” to cast evil spirits and reduce bad karmic residues from the previous and present life.

Nichiren Buddhism is one of the Mahayana sects and its primary text is Lotus Sutra.

Flag question: Question 9

Which one of the followings is NOT true about “Four Sufferings of Life”?

Group of answer choices

The Four Sufferings of Life represent all aspects of life as suffering.

The Four Sufferings exist only for those who accept life as suffering because Buddhism is fundamentally a personal religion.

One licit interpretation of the Four Sufferings is that birth was suffering because it would cause aging, and that aging was suffering as it would cause sickness, and so forth.

The Four Sufferings of Life is the topics which Siddhartha Gautama wrestled with to solve the problem of human existence.

They are birth, aging, sickness, and death.

Flag question: Question 10

Which one of the followings is NOT true about the Buddha?

Group of answer choices

In Mahayana Buddhism, a lay person can be a Buddha by their devotional activities in the sense that they can enter Nirvana.

Anyone can become a Buddha by their merit.

In Theravada Buddhism, the Buddha’s human character is not emphasized.

In Mahayana Buddhism, the Buddhas do not stay in nirvana but return to the world to help people.

The Buddha means the enlightened one or awakened one.

Flag question: Question 11

Which one of the followings is NOT true about the historical Buddha?

Group of answer choices

He was a kshatriya prince whose father was the ruler of an Indian province.

Before he passed away, he designated his successor who would lead his sangha who later became the chief abbot of Theravada Buddhism.

The Buddha got enlightened under a bodhi tree after 49 days since he determined not to eat or drink until he would see the Truth. The Buddhists refer to this episode as the Great Awakening.

The historical Buddha’s Hindu name was “Siddhartha Gautama” and he was called “Shakyamuni Buddha” by people because he was known for his humane character.

He never identified himself as a supernatural being or deity but always as a human person.

Flag question: Question 12

Which one of the followings is NOT true about dukkha in Buddhism?

Group of answer choices

When human desire stops, dukkha ceases.

The existence of dukkha is due to human desire.

Dukkha means suffering.

Life is nothing but dukkha.

There is no way to prevent dukkha from emerging because desiring is the fundamental aspect of life.

Flag question: Question 13

Which one of the followings is NOT true about Buddhist meditation?

Group of answer choices

In Vipassana meditation, you observe that you are bored if you are bored.

In Vipassana meditation, you follow the flow of your emotions or thoughts or bodily sensations.

One basic form of Buddhism in Buddhism is to follow your own breath. Sit back and just follow your breath.

Vipassana meditation means “mindfulness” meditation and is extremely popular in Theravada Buddhism.

In Metta meditation, which is called the “meditation of loving kindness,” the practitioners engage in a deep sexual trance to show unconditional love towards each other.

Flag question: Question 14

What is the name for the one who has found nirvana in this life?

Group of answer choices

Paramitas.

Anicca.

Parinirvana.

Arhat.

Atman.

Flag question: Question 15

Which one of the followings is NOT included in Three Jewels of Buddhism?

Group of answer choices

The community of believers which include the laity in Theravada Buddhism.

Buddha.

The cosmic law or principle.

Sangha.

The historical Buddha’s teaching which the believers interpret as the true teaching of Dharma.

Flag question: Question 16

Why is Buddhism often described as a non-theistic religion, at least for the Buddhist clergy and scholars?

Group of answer choices

Because of the view that this world is suffering.

Because the reality is comprised of the same transcendent matter.

Because Buddhists believe that God can exist only when they accept the existence of God.

Because Buddhism claims neither that God exists nor that it does not exist.

Because there is no personal God to whom one can pray.

Flag question: Question 17

Which of the followings is NOT true about Dalai Lama?

Group of answer choices

Dalai Lama currently resides in India.

Dalai Lama was awarded Noble Peace Prize for the famous noble he wrote based on his own story, Seven Years in Tibet.

Dalai Lama’s community sees him as the incarnation of the compassionate Bodhisattva, Avalokitesvara.

Another Dalai Lama will be selected by a group of elders when the current Dalai Lama passes away.

Dalai Lama is the refugee leader of the ethnic minority, Tibetans, whose country currently occupied by China.

Flag question: Question 18

Which of the followings is NOT true about shunyata?

Group of answer choices

Shunyata (emptiness) and anicca (impermanence) are not related.

Shunyata as emptiness is primarily a Mahayana Buddhism’s concept. For Mahayanans, everything including the five skandhas themselves is considered empty.

The Heart Sutra says, “Form is emptiness, and emptiness is Form.” This may mean the following: all objects present with solid features but, in actuality, the perceived firmness is just a passing moment of their ever-changing reality. On the other hand, the ever-changing reality does not disintegrate but pulls itself together to present with firmness.

From a certain perspective, shunyata refers to two meanings: “relative” and “void.”

Theravada Buddhism understands shunyata as equivalent to non-self or non-soul. They believe that the self is a mere sum or aggregate of five skandhas (form/matter, sensations, perceptions, mental images, and consciousness) and thus an illusion.

Flag question: Question 19

What is NOT true about "koan”?

Group of answer choices

Koan is designed to demonstrate the inadequacy of logical reasoning and point to the depth of existential truth.

Koan is a riddle-like question to provoke enlightenment.

Some of the well-known koans include, “What was your face before your father and mother were born?”

Koan is used in Zen Buddhism and Pure Land Buddhism.

The one who rightly solves koans is officially recognized to be enlightened and thereby attaining the title of arhat.

Flag question: Question 20

Which one of the followings is NOT true about the Buddhist scriptures?

Group of answer choices

The most famous text for Vajrayana Buddhists is the Book of the Dead which they share with Egyptians.

Mahayana Buddhism acknowledges the Theravada, Pali texts, but adds to it their own sutras such as the Lotus Sutra and Heart Sutra.

Zen Buddhists tend to reject scripture for they believe that studying text discourages rather than aids enlightenment.

In Theravada Buddhism, the Buddhist text is grouped in what is called the three baskets called “Tipitaka”: the Vinaya Pitaka (the basket that holds disciplinary principles for monastics), the Sutta Pitaka (the basket that contains the teaching of the Buddha), and Abhidhamma Pitaka (the philosophical basket).

The oldest and original Buddhist scriptures, the texts for Theravada Buddhists, are written in Pali, the ancient language of Nepal and Northern India.

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02 Feb 2022

Due Date: 03 Feb 2022

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