Question Details

PSYC 341 MODULE 7 EXAM 7

Question 1
The term ______________ was coined in 1973 by biologist Michael Ghiselin (1973), and later popularized by the anthropologist John Tooby and psychologist Leda Cosmides in the early 1990s.
Question 2
For Charles Darwin, it has been clear that all life forms are confronted with two fundamental problems of adaptation, namely __________ and ___________.
Question 3
Buss and his colleague Heidi Greiling propose _______ distinct sources of individual differences
Question 4
Evolutionary theory of personality argues that the theory rates quite highly
______________________.
Question 5
The fourth adaptive personality system revolves around one's capacity and commitment to work and is the core characteristic of _______________.
Question 6
________ are evolved strategies that solve important survival and/or reproductive problems.
Question 7
The evolutionary process of natural and sexual selection and chance results in _____ distinct outcomes.
Question 8
Traits that happen as a result of adaptations but are not part of the functional design are called _________.
Question 9
___________ mechanisms are internal and specific cognitive, motivational, and personality systems that solve specific survival and reproduction problems.
Question 10
Which statement is most true for the evolutionary theory of personality as it relates as a guide for practitioners in psychology:
Question 11
_____________ is change in gene function that does not involve changes in DNA
Question 12
People high in __________ are also driven and ambitious.
Question 13
The essence of Buss's theory of personality revolves around adaptive problems and their _____________.
Question 14
Psychological mechanisms relevant to personality can be grouped into all the following categories, except:
Question 15
_________ is also marked by a tendency to take risks and to experience positive emotion
(i.e., be happy) and initiating and maintaining friendships and relationships.
Question 16
Psychological mechanisms relevant to personality can be grouped into _______ main categories.
Question 17
The tendency to assume that the environment alone can produce behavior void of a stable internal mechanism is called ___________.
Question 18
As a young man, Skinner wanted to become a
Question 19
According to Skinner, scientists seldom fabricate data mostly because
Question 20
The label that best fits Skinner's work is
Question 21
Concerning emotions, Skinner believed all EXCEPT which of the following?
Question 22
Skinner believed that some behavior is unconscious because the person does not think about the aversive stimuli connected with it. Not thinking about aversive stimuli is an example of
Question 23
For Skinner, natural selection
Question 24
To Skinner, human personality is shaped by
Question 25
The systematic withholding of reinforcement previously contingent upon a response until the probability of the response diminishes to zero is Skinner's definition of
Question 27
Skinner believed that human behavior is shaped by all these factors EXCEPT
Question 28
Skinner's technique of "doing something else" is used
Question 29
According to Skinner, the rate of operant extinction depends largely upon the
Question 30
The three conditions essential to operant conditioning are
Question 31
On the subject of dreams, Skinner believed that
Question 32
People who make rewards or punishments contingent on the behavior of another are using which of Skinner's methods of social control?
Question 33
Skinner defines negative reinforcement as any condition that,
Question 34
For Bandura, learning through modeling involves
Question 35
Bandura recognizes all of these as processes that govern observational learning EXCEPT
Question 36
According to Bandura, collective efficacy
Question 37
The first requirement for internal self-regulation, according to Bandura, is
Question 38
In order for observational learning to lead to new response patterns, Bandura claims that those patterns must be
Question 39
Ordinarily, the strongest source of self-efficacy, according to Bandura, is
Question 40
Bandura believes that ______ is a mechanism common to all successful therapy techniques.
Question 41
According to Bandura, collective efficacy is lowered when
Question 42
Bandura holds that reinforcement is
Question 43
The bureaucrat who answers criticism by responding "That's the way things are done around here" is using Bandura's disengagement technique of
Question 44
Bandura's treatment technique that involves the extinction of anxiety or fear through self- or therapist-induced relaxation is
Question 45
Compared to Skinner's approach, Bandura's theory is more
Question 46
Bandura believes that motivation to change dysfunctional behavior is enhanced by
Question 47
Bandura believes that both external and internal factors play a role in self-regulation. An example of an internal factor would be
Question 48
Bandura reasons that if behavior were completely a function of the environment,
Question 49
According to Bandura, depressed individuals are inclined to punish themselves severely for poor performance. This illustrates a distortion of
Question 50
A terrorist dismisses the death of one hostage as unimportant in comparison to the
hundreds of his comrades killed by government security forces. This illustrates Bandura's disengagement technique of