Question Details

BIO 130 MODULE 4 CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

1.	The gene for color blindness is a recessive allele located on the X chromosome. If a color-blind man and a color-blind woman have one son and three daughters, how many of the children will be color-blind?
a.    All children will be color-blind
b.    Only the one son will be color-blind
c.    Only the three daughters will be color blind
d.    None of the children will be color-blind
Hint: Section 10.2, Section 10.3, Section 10.5, and Section 10.6
SLO7:Identify various ways to study genes and understand how both external and internal environmental
 factors can influence the expression of genes.
LO7C:Explain how people inherit varying degrees of traits, such as skin color.
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2.	The typical human male has:
a.    22 pairs of chromosomes.
b.    22 pairs of chromosome and two Y chromosomes.
c.    22 pairs of chromosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome.
d.    23 X or 23 Y chromosomes.
Hint: Section 10.7
SLO7:Identify various ways to study genes and understand how both external and internal environmental 
factors can influence the expression of genes.
LO7D:Determine how a person- sex can influence the expression of his or her genes.
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3.	If the haploid number of an organism is 6, the diploid number will be:
a.    3.
b.    6.
c.    9.
d.    12.
Hint: Section 9.7
SLO6:Discuss the process and purposes of cell division.
LO6H:Identify if the cell is diploid or haploid for each stage.
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4.	In pea plants, a gene R produces red flowers and is dominant to a gene r, which produces white flowers. A gene T produces tall plants and is dominant to a gene t for short plants. If a plant that is homozygous for red flowers and heterozygous for tallness is crossed with a plant that is short and white, what will be the phenotypic ratio of the offspring?
a.    One tall red: one short red
b.    Nine tall red: three short red: three tall white: one short white
c.    Three tall red: one short red: one tall white
d.    One short white: two short red: one tall white
Hint: Section 10.2, Section 10.3, and Section 10.5
SLO7:Identify various ways to study genes and understand how both external and internal environmental 
factors can influence the expression of genes.
LO7E:Indicate how both external and internal environmental factors can influence the expression of genes.
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5.	A case of more than one gene influencing one phenotypic characteristic is called:
a.    pleiotropy.
b.    polygenic inheritance.
c.    X-linked.
d.    monohybrid.
Hint: Section 10.6
SLO7:Identify various ways to study genes and understand how both external and internal environmental 
factors can influence the expression of genes.
LO7B:Determine the chances that children will carry two particular genes.
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6.	Two nuclei are formed during:
a.    prophase I.
b.    metaphase I.
c.    anaphase I.
d.    telophase I.
Hint: Section 9.8
SLO6:Discuss the process and purposes of cell division.
LO6A:Describe the events that uniquely define each stage of cell division.
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7.	Two chromatids are connected by a:
a.    centromere.
b.    spindle.
c.    centriole.
d.    chromosome.
Hint: Section 9.2
SLO6:Discuss the process and purposes of cell division.
LO6A:Describe the events that uniquely define each stage of cell division.
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8.	A condition in which a diploid organism has different allelic forms of a particular gene is:
a.    homozygous.
b.    phenotype.
c.    genotype.
d.    heterozygous.
Hint: Section 10.2
SLO6:Discuss the process and purposes of cell division.
LO6H:Identify if the cell is diploid or haploid for each stage.
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9.	The information within the central squares of a Punnett square represents:
a.    parental genotypes.
b.    parental gametes.
c.    offspring genotypes.
d.    gamete phenotypes.
Hint: Section 10.3
SLO7:Identify various ways to study genes and understand how both external and internal environmental
 factors can influence the expression of genes.
LO7B:Determine the chances that children will carry two particular genes.
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10.	Nearly two dozen different alleles for the same gene can determine eye color in fruit flies. This is an example of:
a.    multiple alleles.
b.    polygenic inheritance.
c.    pleiotropy.
d.    incomplete dominance.
Hint: Section 10.6
SLO7:Identify various ways to study genes and understand how both external and internal environmental 
factors can influence the expression of genes.
LO7A:Define the concepts of dominant and recessive alleles.
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11.	A group of three mRNA nucleotides that translate to an amino acid is called a(n):
a.    dictionary.
b.    initiator.
c.    codon.
d.    uncodon.
Hint: Section 8.3 and Section 8.4
SLO5:Explain molecular biology and examine the structure, organization, and function of DNA and RNA.
LO5D:Explain the use of mRNA and tRNA in the process of translation.
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12.	The possible combinations of alleles in the gametes of an individual with the genotype aaBb are:
a.    AB, Ab, aB, ab.
b.    aa, Bb.
c.    aB, ab.
d.    aa, ab, aB.
Hint: Section 10.2
SLO7:Identify various ways to study genes and understand how both external and internal environmental
 factors can influence the expression of genes.
LO7A:Define the concepts of dominant and recessive alleles.
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13.	When a gene picks up nucleotides to build its noncoding strand, this is known as:
a.    DNA replication.
b.    RNA transcription.
c.    DNA translation.
d.    RNA coverage.
Hint: Section 8.2
SLO5:Explain molecular biology and examine the structure, organization, and function of DNA and RNA.
LO5B:Describe DNA replication using base-pairing rules and DNA polymerase.
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14.	The primary way that genes control the activities of a cell is by means of:
a.    hormones.
b.    electrical impulses.
c.    ATP.
d.    enzymes.
Hint: Section 8.1 and Section 8.2
SLO5:Explain molecular biology and examine the structure, organization, and function of DNA and RNA.
LO5H:State why single cellular and multicellular organisms control gene expression.
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15.	Cells regulate gene expression by:
a.    producing termination factors.
b.    turning on DNAase genes.
c.    adding histones to the DNA.
d.    limiting the length of time that mRNA is available for translation.
Hint: Section 8.3 and Section 8.4
SLO5:Explain molecular biology and examine the structure, organization, and function of DNA and
 RNA.
LO5H:State why single cellular and multicellular organisms control gene expression.
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16.	DNA replication occurs during:
a.    prophase of mitosis.
b.    metaphase of mitosis.
c.    gap 1 of interphase.
d.    S phase of interphase.
Hint: Section 9.2
SLO5:Explain molecular biology and examine the structure, organization, and function of DNA and RNA.
LO5B:Describe DNA replication using base-pairing rules and DNA polymerase.
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17.	If a protein is supposed to consist of the amino acid sequence, valine-valine histidine, and instead it consists of the sequence, alanine-valine-histidine, most likely:
a.    there has been a point mutation in the first codon.
b.    there has been a point mutation at the eighth base pair.
c.    the change will not be noticed.
d.    this is a gross mutation; the organism will not survive.
Hint: Section 8.6
SLO5:Explain molecular biology and examine the structure, organization, and function of DNA and RNA.
LO5C:Use the codon table to predict the amino acid sequence of a protein.
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18.	Which one of the following correctly describes the way in which DNA works?
a.    DNA makes RNA, and RNA changes into protein.
b.    DNA makes amino acids, which form ribosomes.
c.    DNA makes mRNA, which directs where tRNA places amino acids.
d.    DNA makes mRNA, which manufactures amino acids, which then attach to tRNA.
Hint: Section 8.2 and Section 8.4
SLO5:Explain molecular biology and examine the structure, organization, and function of DNA and RNA.
LO5B:Describe DNA replication using base-pairing rules and DNA polymerase.
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19.	Both a base and a phosphate are attached __________ in a nucleotide.
a.    to each other
b.    to a sugar
c.    to each other and to a sugar
d.    none of the choices apply
Hint: Section 8.2
SLO5:Explain molecular biology and examine the structure, organization, and function of DNA and RNA.
LO5B:Describe DNA replication using base-pairing rules and DNA polymerase.
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20.	Equivalent segments of DNA are exchanged between chromosomes as a result of:
a.    segregation.
b.    crossing-over.
c.    fertilization.
d.    independent assortment.
Hint: Section 9.9
SLO6:Discuss the process and purposes of cell division.
LO6F:Describe how sexual reproduction increases genetic diversity through crossing over.
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21.	The male gametes are:
a.    testes.
b.    zygotes.
c.    semen.
d.    sperm.
Hint: Section 9.7
SLO7:Identify various ways to study genes and understand how both external and internal environmental
 factors can influence the expression of genes.
LO7D:Determine how a person- sex can influence the expression of his or her genes.
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22.	A homozygous recessive condition is:
a.    aa.
b.    Aa.
c.    AA.
d.    AaBb.
Hint: Section 10.2
SLO7:Identify various ways to study genes and understand how both external and internal environmental factors can influence the expression of genes.
LO7A:Define the concepts of dominant and recessive alleles.
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23.	The allele that causes Huntington's disease is expressed earlier in life when it is inherited from the father, opposed to when it is inherited from the mother. Huntington's disease is an example of:
a.    an X-linked trait.
b.    pleiotropy.
c.    gene imprinting.
d.    linkage.
Hint: Section 10.6
SLO7:Identify various ways to study genes and understand how both external and internal environmental
 factors can influence the expression of genes.
LO7D:Determine how a person- sex can influence the expression of his or her genes.
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24.	The process of cell specialization within a multi-cellular organism is:
a.    cancer.
b.    cytokinesis.
c.    mitosis.
d.    determination.
Hint: Section 9.6
SLO5:Explain molecular biology and examine the structure, organization, and function of DNA and RNA.
LO5H:State why single cellular and multicellular organisms control gene expression.
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25.	Transfer RNA(tRNA) functions in the process of:
a.    DNA replication.
b.    transcription.
c.    translation.
d.    none of the choices apply.
Hint: Section 8.4
SLO5:Explain molecular biology and examine the structure, organization, and function of DNA and RNA.
LO5D:Explain the use of mRNA and tRNA in the process of translation.
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26.	Nondisjunction results in:
a.    two small daughter cells that disappear and two normal-sized cells.
b.    two polar bodies.
c.    daughter cells with different numbers of chromosomes.
d.    two cells with equal numbers of chromosomes.
Hint: Section 9.10
SLO6:Discuss the process and purposes of cell division.
LO6G:Explain how nondisjunction can result in loss of genetic material or the gain of genetic material.
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27.	Which of the following does not express one of Mendel's laws?
a.    When two different alleles are present for a given trait, the expression of one will mask the 
expression of the other.
b.    Alleles separate during the formation of sex cells.
c.    During the formation of sex cells, members of one gene pair separate from one another
       independently of members of other gene pairs.
d.    Genes located on the same chromosome have a greater tendency of being inherited together 
        than do genes located on different chromosomes.
Hint: Section 10.2
SLO7:Identify various ways to study genes and understand how both external and internal environmental
 factors can influence the expression of genes.
LO7D:Determine how a person- sex can influence the expression of his or her genes.
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28.	Fibers extending from cell pole to cell pole are called the:
a.    cleavage furrow.
b.    cell plate.
c.    cell equator.
d.    spindle.
Hint: Section 9.3
SLO6:Discuss the process and purposes of cell division.
LO6B:Explain the difference between a differentiated cell and a stem cell.
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29.	Fertilization produces:
a.    eggs.
b.    zygotes.
c.    haploid cells.
d.    gametes.
Hint: Section 9.7
SLO7:Identify various ways to study genes and understand how both external and internal environmental
 factors can influence the expression of genes.
LO7D:Determine how a person- sex can influence the expression of his or her genes.
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30.	In transcription, the base, thymine, in DNA will pair opposite the base, __________, in mRNA.
a.    uracil
b.    guanine
c.    cytosine
d.    adenine
Hint: Section 8.4
SLO5:Explain molecular biology and examine the structure, organization, and function of DNA and RNA.
LO5D:Explain the use of mRNA and tRNA in the process of translation.
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