BIOL 133 Week 4 Exam | Assignment Help | APUS
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BIOL 133 Week 4 Exam | Assignment Help | APUS
Week 4 Exam
Question 1 of 40
A superhighway is put down in a field
separating a population of snails. Over time, they acquire mutations and become
two different species. This is an example of ________ speciation.
o behavioral
o sympatric
o allopatric
o islolating
Question 2 of 40
How could phylogenetics be useful for
humans in medicine?
o if
a disease is found in humans, it might also be found in gorillas
o if
a medicinal plant has other members in the family, they may have medicinal
properties as well
o if
a species of bacteria causes disease, then closely related species might cure
it
o if
an organism is resistant to a disease, it might have other family members
resistant as well
Question 3 of 40
Which of the following would be expected
to lead to fusion of two newly formed species? Select all that apply.
o mating
songs changing to sound more similar
o original
separation by a river that subsequently dries up
o chromosomal
abnormality causing one chromosome to break into two for one of the species
o one
species now only mates at night, the other only during the day.
Question 4 of 40
Which individuals in a population are most
important in determining the numbers for the Hardy-Weinberg principle since one
can tell their genotype from their phenotype?
o heterozygous
o homozygous
dominant
o homozygous
recessive
o fittest
o mutated
Question 5 of 40
Since phylogenetic trees are essentially
________, they are subject to revision as new information is obtained
o hypotheses
o unkowable
o theories
o difficult
to construct
Question 6 of 40
A change in the level of an individual
protein in a diseased cell is known as a
o biomarker
o metabolome
o protein
signature
o false
positive
Evolution is
o a
strong hypothesis
o not
seen in the fossil record
o supported
by all scientific evidence examined so far
o very
difficult to study since it takes so long
Question 8 of 40
In the process of adaptive radiation,
there is usually one species from which others will quickly diverge. This
original species is known as the
o founder
species
o original
isolate
o primary
progenitor
o radiating
organism
Which population would be more likely to
be affected by genetic drift?
o oak
trees in Canada
o snails
on an island in the Mississippi River
o cats
in New York City
o mosquitoes
in Wisconsin
The portions of the mature mRNA where
RNA-binding proteins can attach in order to change RNA stability are known as
o poly-A-tails
o codons
o enhancers
o untranslated
regions
o operators
Question 11 of 40
Enhancers located hundreds of bases
upstream of a gene can be brought to the promoter by _________.
o trascription
factors
o DNA
bending proteins
o initiation
factors
o distal
control elements
Question 12 of 40
What type of gene is a normal activator of
cell growth?
o proto-oncogene
o oncogene
o tumor
suppressor gene
o proto-tumor
suppressor gene
Question 13 of 40
o engineered
motility for the bacteria so they can move to the crops themselves
o put
the toxin gene into the plants themselves to make their own toxin
o engineered
insects to be able to use Bacillus thuringienesis as a food source
o put
the toxin gene into humans so that they are resistant
Question 14 of 40
Which type of chemical modification of a
protein has the widest variety of activities?
o methylation
o phosphorylation
o acetylation
o ubiquitination
o hydroxylation
Question 15 of 40
Overexpression of miRNAs can lead to a
decrease of protein expression associated with some forms of cancer. What could
a drug do to counter this effect?
o increase
promoter activity of the miRNA genes
o decrease
expression of RNA polymerase
o increase
expression of RISC
o decrease
expression of miRNA
A ________ is the final sequence of DNA
put together from overlapping sequences.
o frameup
o pairwise-end
o contig
o ladder
Question 17 of 40
The geographic variation seen as
populations of a species vary gradually across an ecological gradient is known
as a
o cline
o population
structure
o variability
force
o founder
effect
Question 18 of 40
Isolating mechanisms that happen during or
before fertilization are termed
o hybrid
sterility
o prezygotic
o postzygotic
o symatric
Question 19 of 40
Charles Lyell, a geologist and friend of
Charles Darwin, influenced Darwin’s thinking with which idea?
o the
geology of the earth is shaped mainly by catastrophes
o geology
influences the adaptations of acquired characteristics
o geological
forces shaping the earth happen over long periods of time with predictable
uniformity
o geology
indicates that all living things are on every continent
Question 20 of 40
A species that is well studied so that we
can learn more about the way we work is call a ________.
o species
stand in
o organismal
representative
o representative
life form
o model
organism
Proteins that respond to environmental
stimuli to prevent the binding of transcription factors are known as _________.
o termination
factors
o initiation
factors
o activators
o repressors
Question 22 of 40
Humans belong in the phylum Chordata. The
name Chordata is also known as the
o clade
o polytomy
o parsimony
o scientific
name
o taxon
Using pharmacogenomics, a person can
identify which drug works best for them with minimal side effects and maximum
efficacy. This leads to the concept of
o personalized
medicine
o maximal
medicine
o proper
toxicology
o individualizing
therapy
o minimal
consequences
Question 24 of 40
_________ is the first protein to bind to
mRNA to being initiation of translation.
o TFIIA
o eIF-2
o TFIID
o 60S
ribosomal subunit
o 40S
ribosomal subunit
Question 25 of 40
What would happen if there were a mutation
in the operator of the trp operon?
o the
trp operon woudl not be able to express the genes
o the
CAP protein couldn't bind, therefore shutting off the genes
o the
trp operon would continuously express the genes
o RNA
polymerase could not recognize the promoter, so transcription would not occur
Question 26 of 40
What is typically used to organize
homologous traits into groups that evolved from a single ancestor?
o synteny
o cladistics
o molecular
systematics
o comparative
anatomy
Question 27 of 40
In one surprising study, it was found that
the grandsons of men who suffered a famine were less likely to die of
cardiovascular disease. The experience of famine made some cardio-protective
change in the sperm of those grandfathers that was passed on.
What type of change was likely
responsible?
o transcription
factor activity
o ubiquitin
tagging
o histone
acetylation or DNA methylation
o phosphatase
levels
Question 28 of 40
At a family get-together, your uncle says
“I don’t believe in that evolution stuff. Scientists are always saying that
something evolved because of ‘a gene for eyes’ or ‘a gene for wings’. Well,
that’s crazy – how can one single gene build an eye or a wing?”
How do you reply?
o Yes,
lots of genes are necessary to make an eye or a wing – but a mutation in just
one gene might change development, to make a change in how the eye or the wing
works.
o You’re
right – for evolution to work, hundreds or thousands of genes would have to
mutate all at once, just the right way. It’s not possible.
o You’re
right – for evolution to work, hundreds or thousands of genes have to mutate
all at once, just the right way. It doesn’t happen very often, but evolution
takes place over millions of years.
o There
are thousands of regular genes that build parts like an eye or a wing. But then
there are special “evolving” genes that can change how parts work. Only the
second set of genes matters for evolution.
Question 29 of 40
To perform reproductive cloning, one must
have an enucleated egg cell, a surrogate mother, and a
o diploid
nucleus
o sperm
cell
o vector
o bacterium
o restriction
enzyme
Which of the following statements is most
accurate concerning horizontal gene transfer?
o would
not be acted upon by natural selection since it is not natural to the organism
o is
unlikely to have any significant effects on organisms
o would
be a potent alternative to introducing new genes into species
o would
not be passed on to offspring
The only taxonomic category in which
microevolution can occur is the ________ level.
o domain
o species
o genus
o kingdom
o family
o population
Question 32 of 40
If every cell in the body gets the same
DNA, how do the cells of an embryo make different structures and take on
different roles? (Select all that apply.)
o Different
transcription factors are active in different cells.
o Different
transcription factors are encoded in the DNA.
o Genes
are spliced differently in different cells.
o Translation
is regulated so that different cells may make more of certain proteins.
o Some
cells lack ribosomes while others use them.
o Cells
delete a set of unused genes from their chromosomes.
Question 33 of 40
The place where Darwin noticed finch and
tortoise differences that helped him develop his theory of evolution was
________?
o the
Malay Archipelago
o the
Galapagos Islands
o Australia
o Africa
o Brazil
Question 34 of 40
Natural selection causes heterozygotes to
increase in the population. What effect does this have on p2 and q2?
o no
effect since they are not related in any way
o it
will cause them both to decrease
o this
stabilizes the population causing them to remain the same
o it
will cause them both to increase
Question 35 of 40
Cladistics is used to construct ________.
o homologous
entries
o phylogenetic
trees
o molecular
systematics
o shared
ancestral characteristics
Question 36 of 40
Although flowers have a common ancestor,
they vary quite differently due to the environment and their specific
pollinators. This is an example of
o divergent
evolution
o convergent
evolution
o vestigial
structures
o analogous
structures
An individual may have a mutation that
causes them to break down a drug much more quickly than normal people. They
were then provided with a higher dose, which was effective in treating the
disease. This is an example of ________.
o toxic
drug assay
o medical
allele variation
o pharmacogenomics
o metagenomics
Question 38 of 40
During translation initiation, eIF-2 binds
to GTP which then binds to
o 60S
ribosomal subunit
o 40S
ribosomal subunit
o eIF-1
o methionine
initiator tRNA
o start
codon
Question 39 of 40
Why does natural selection only act on
heritable variation?
o heritable
variation is the only thing that determines an organism’s fitness
o no
way to pass environment or acquired characteristics to offspring, only genes
o environment
and acquired characteristics will not affect populations, only individuals
o natural
selection cannot act on heritable variation alone, it needs acquired
characteristics
Question 40 of 40
Two different species mate and produce a
zygote. As it starts to develop, it dies due to the genetic differences. What
would this be called?
o gametic
inviability
o sexual
dimorphism
o prezygotic
barrier
o postzygotic
barrier
USA 
India
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