A dissociative disorder is character

A dissociative disorder is character

A dissociative disorder is characterized by disruptions in a persons ____.
a) beliefs, processing, or memory
b) identity, memory, or consciousness
c) relationships, perceptions, and sleep
d) visual and auditory processing

 

·         b) identity, memory, or consciousness

 

Antisocial behavior is associated with abnormalities of the orbitofrontal cortex, which often leads to ____.

a) poor judgment and impulsivity
b) murder
c) amnesia
d) the fight-or-flight response

 

·         poor judgment and impulsivity

 

In the upcoming DSM-V, the criteria for antisocial personality disorder will ____.
a) emphasize criminal behaviors
b) be more similar to the definition of psychopathy
c) be more similar to the definition of schizophrenia
d) emphasize the role of genetics

 

·         b) be more similar to the definition of psychopathy

 

Individuals w. autism have smaller minicolumns in the cerebral cortex than healthy controls. Related to information processing, smaller minicolumns ____.

a) apply a response to similar stimuli
b) favor the process of discrimination

 c) favor the process of generalization favor the process of generalization

d) assist in language acquisition

 

·         b) favor the process of discrimination

 

Mania, unlike many other disorders, actually ____.

a) increases the ability to listen quietly to another
b) reduces a sense of self-importance
c) reduces risk-taking behavior
d) increases productive, goal-directed behavior

 

·         d) increases productive, goal-directed behavior

 

One reliable correlate of schizophrenia is the presence of enlarged ventricles, which indicates that schizophrenia is associated with ____.
a) frontal lobe activity

b) neural degeneration
c) synapses that rely on glutamate
d) excessive dopamine activity

·         b) neural degeneration

 

Suicide is the eleventh leading cause of death in the United States for all ages, but among young adults ages 25 to 34, it is the ____.
a) leading cause of death

b) second leading cause of death

c) fourth leading cause of death

d) seventh leading cause of death

 

·         b) second leading cause of death

 

Unlike the somatoform disorders, body dysmorphic disorder shows a significant influence of ____.

a) excessive serotonin

 b) childhood environment
c) dopamine and glutamate abnormalities

d) heredity

 

·         d) heredity

 

What is a disorder characterized by deficits in social relatedness and communication skills that are often accompanied by repetitive, ritualistic behavior?
a) somatic symptom disorder
b) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
c) autism spectrum disorder
d) antisocial personality disorder

 

·         c) autism spectrum disorder

 

What is one of the primary characteristics of panic disorder?
a) borderline agoraphobia

b) chronic anxiety
c) more common in males than females
d) fear of future attacks

 

·         d) fear of future attacks

 

What kind of obsessions are involved in obsessive-compulsive disorder?
a) physical

 b) intrusive

c) frightening

d) violent

·         b) intrusive

 

Which of the following is a potential cause of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?
a) sugar

b) food additives

c) poor parenting
d) thimerosal

 

·         b) food additives

 

Women experience depression more frequently than men do. Discrepancy between rates of depression in men & women has been observed to ____.

a) independent of race, ethnicity, social class, & country of residence

b) dependent on race, ethnicity, social class, & country of residence

c) vary by race, ethnicity, social clas & country of residence

d) be causally related to race, ethnicity, social class & country of residence

 

·         be independent of race, ethnicity, social class, and country of residence

 

Most patients with schizophrenia demonstrate a lower level of frontal lobe activity than healthy control participants. Why would this difference be significant?

a) The frontal lobes are important to higher cognitive processes and attention.

b) The frontal lobes manage motor skills and speech.

c) The frontal lobes are important to stress reaction & formation of memories.

d) The frontal lobes manage vision and hearing.

 

·         The frontal lobes are important to higher cognitive processes and attention.

 

What is a weakness of the theory that the interpretation of body symptoms, such as increased heart rate, could lead to increasing anxiety & ultimately, to panic?

a) patients are more worried about appearing weird than about heart attacks.

 b) Panic does not increase levels of the stress hormone cortisol.

 c) Patients are not affected by an injection of sodium lactate.
d) Panic does not increase levels of the neurotransmitter orexin.

 

·         b) Panic does not increase levels of the stress hormone cortisol.

 

What is bipolar disorder?

a) disorder characterized by impairments in identity, in personality traits, and in the establishment of empathy or intimacy

b) mood disorder characterized by alternating periods of mania and depression

c) A disorder characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotion
d) disorder characterized by disruptions in a person's identity, memory, or consciousne

 

·         b) A mood disorder characterized by alternating periods of mania and depression

 

What is taijin kyofusho?
a) persons self-consciousness regarding their odor, eye contact, or appearance
b) A lack of self-consciousness regarding ones odor or appearance
c) fear of offending or embarrassing other people with ones odor, eye contact, or appearance
d) attraction related to anothers body odor/appearance

 

·         c) fear of offending or embarrassing other people with ones odor, eye contact, or appearance

 

Which of the following biological factors may be implicated in depression?
a) Smaller hippocampal volume
b) Increased right prefrontal cortex activity
c) A surplus of serotonin availability at the synapses
d) Lower levels of natural benzodiazepine activity

 

·         b) Increased right prefrontal cortex activity

 

A biological bridge between the experience of stress, circadian rhythms, and the development of depression is formed by hormones released at times of stress, including ____.
a) cortisol

b) serotonin

 c) orexins

 d) benzodiazepines

 

·         cortisol

 

A personality disorder is defined as a disorder characterized by impairments in identity, in personality traits, and in ____.

a) inhibition of impulsivity

b) the need for excitement
c) levels of deceit and manipulation
d) establishment of empathy or intimacy

 

·         d) establishment of empathy or intimacy

 

Panic disorder is more common in children who have experienced parental loss or separation and in adults who have recently experienced significant, stressful life events. These are ____.

a) biological explanations

b) integrated explanations
c) social explanations

d) cognitive explanations

 

·         c) social explanations

 

Schizophrenia is a disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thought, speech, disorders of movement, avolition/asociality, and ____.

a) restricted affect

 b) excessive emotionality and tears
c) weight fluctuation

d) hypersexuality

 

·         restricted affect

 

The parts of the brain implicated in ADHD, such as the prefrontal cortex and the basal ganglia, feature large amounts of ____.
a) benzodiazepine activity

 b) serotonin activity
c) dopamine activity 1.00

 d) orexin activity

 

·         c) dopamine activity

 

What is a disorder characterized by deficits in social relatedness and communication skills that are often accompanied by repetitive, ritualistic behavior?
a) somatic symptom disorder
b) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
c) autism spectrum disorder
d) antisocial personality disorde

 

·         c) autism spectrum disorder

 

What may well-meaning therapists misinterpret as dissociative identity disorder?

a) responses to extreme stress

 b) symptoms of schizophrenia

c) cycles of mania and depression
d) symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder

 

·         responses to extreme stress

 

A brain imaging study showed, healthy children, peak cortical thickness occurred around the 7.5 years & in children with ADHD, on average around 10.5 years. This finding implies that children with ADHD ____.

a) can be expected to lag behind their same-age peers in some tasks but will eventually experience improvement

 b) will never be as intelligent as their same-age peers

 c) can be expected to go through puberty approx. three years behind their same-age peers

 d) will never catch up with their same-age peer

 

·         can be expected to lag behind their same-age peers in some tasks but will eventually experience improvement

 

Somatoform disorder/somatic symptom disorder is characterized by physical symptoms ____.
a) that are induced in order to obtain sympathy and concern
b) that do not have an underlying medical cause
c) are based on false perceptions of hallucinations
d) are intermittent but progressive in nature

 

·         b) that do not have an underlying medical cause

 

Which brain structures are thought to be involved in generalized anxiety disorder?
a) The hippocampus and prefrontal cortex

b) The amygdala and prefrontal cortex

c) The cerebellum and hypothalamus

d) The amygdala and pons

 

·         b) The amygdala and prefrontal cortex

 

Which of the following statements is true regarding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

a) The highest prevalence rates are in the Southwest.
b) Regional discrepancies might represent the DSM's varying diagnostic criteria for different parts of the country.
c) Regional discrepancies might be associated with low socioeconomic status, which is considered a risk factor.
d) The highest prevalence rates are in the Northeast.

 

·         c) Regional discrepancies might be associated with low socioeconomic status, which is considered a risk factor.