distinction between psychological egoism

distinction between psychological egoism

T/F The two major views in the history of ethics are consequentialism and non-consequentialism

 

·         True

 

T/F The distinction between psychological egoism and ethical egoism is that one is true and the other is false.

 

·         False

 

T/F Many philosophers believe that there is no connection between the way people do act and the way they ought to act

 

·         True

 

T/F The problem with egoistic theories is that what they claim ought to be advocated cannot be stated since to do so would undermine the major principle of egoism: self interest

·         True

 

T/F Utilitarianism was developed in its modern form by the British philosophers John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham

 

·         True

 

T/F Utilitarianism is an egoistic theory

 

·         False

 

T/F All utilitarians agree "the end justifies the means"

 

·         False

 

T/F The problem with utilitarianism is that they are too focused on the minority

 

·         False

 

T/F Lawrence Kohlberg believed that women and men were equal in moral reasoning

 

·         False

 

T/F Gilligan's "Care Ethics" argued a balance between the principles of care and justice

 

·         True

 

Consequentialists believe that the central part of moral action is _____________.

a.) the self
b.) the virtues
c.) the other
d.) the consequences

 

·         D

 

If you are a psychological egoist, you believe __________.

a.) that people should help others
b.) that people ought to help animals
c.) that people always or often do help themselves
d.) that people should or ought to help themselves

 

·         C

 

Who said that the self-interests of rational human beings would never conflict?

a.) Albert Einstein
b.) Bertrand Russell
c.) Ayn Rand
d.) Edward Teller

 

·         C

 

All human beings should act in their own self-interest according to the _____________.

a.) universal ethical egoist
b.) psychological egoist
c.) personal ethical egoist
d.) individual ethical egoist

 

·         A

 

Who argued that an action is right if it helps in "bringing about a desirable or good end" ?

a.) the deontologists
b.) the ethical egoists
c.) the Mormons
d.) the utilitarians

 

·         D

 

You are an act utilitarian if you believe that __________.

a.) an act is wrong if it is currently unacceptable
b.) an act should be preformed if it brings about the best consequences for everyone affected.
c.) an act should not be performed if there is a clear conflict of interest
d.) an act should be preformed if you benefit from it

 

·         B

 

 

Rule utilitarians think that ____________.

a.) everyone should act only on universal exceptionless rule.
b.) everyone should act only according to the rule "the end does not justify the means".
c.) everyone should act according to the rule that brings about the most good for all.
d.) everyone should act according to the rule that is in their self-interest

 

·         C

 

One of the main difficulties of consequentialists theories is that ___________.

a.) they are based solely on our duties at the time
b.) it is very difficult to discover and determine all possible consequences
c.) they emphasize the person or character at the expense of the action
d.) they are based exclusively on our selfish interest.

 

·         B

 

Carol Gilligan suggested that a basis for morality must include ___________.

a.) care
b.) consequences
c.) the moral law
d.) virtue

 

·         A

 

So called "feminist ethics" involves the belief that _________.

a.) men are more mature morally
b.) women are more mature morally
c.) women think about ethics differently than men
d.) men are from Mars, women are from Venus.

 

·         C