Internet Engineering Task Force

Internet Engineering Task Force

Internet

 

·         a computer network that uses open protocols to standardize communication.

 

computer network

 

·         an interconnected computing system that is capable of sending or receiving data.

 

computing system

 

·         a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose.

 

computing device

 

·         a physical object that can run a program, such as computers, tablets, cell phones, and smart sensors.

 

World Wide Web

 

·         a system of linked pages, programs, and files that uses the Internet.

 

A router

 

 

·         a computer that passes information from one network to another.

 

ISPs (Internet Service Providers)

 

·         the companies who sell Internet access to homes and institutions.

 

Path

 

·         a sequence of directly connected computing devices that connect a sender to a receiver.

 

        

Routing

 

·         the process of finding a path from sender to receiver.

 

Scalability

 

·         the ability of the Internet to keep working as it grows.

 

Redundancy

 

·         the inclusion of back-up elements in case one part fails.

 

Fault tolerance

 

·         the ability of a system to work around problems.

 

Protocol

 

·         a set of rules that specify the behavior of a system.

 

IP address

 

·         a unique number assigned to each device on a computer network.

 

Packet

 

·         is a small chunk of any kind of data (text, numbers, lists, etc.) and metadata (information about the data) that is passed through the Internet as a data stream.

 

Packet switching

 

·         The way the Internet sends short bursts of information, not long continuous strings is called ____ ______.

 

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)

 

·         the protocol that your browser uses to access an HTML web page

 

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

 

·         the protocol that assures reliable transmission of data. lets your computer pretend it has a reliable connection to the other computer

 

IP (Internet Protocol)

 

·         lets your computer pretend it has a direct connection to another computer

 

Application Layer Protocols (such as HTTP)

 

·         the highest level of abstraction, manage how data is interpreted and displayed to users.

 

Transport Layer Protocols (such as TCP)

 

·         manage the breakdown of a message into packets to be transmitted by lower level protocols and also the reconstruction of the message from the packets upon arrival.

 

Internet Layer Protocols (such as IP)

 

·         manage the pathways that the data packets travel across networks.

 

Network Interface Hardware (using Link Layer Protocols such as WiFi)

 

·         manage the connection between an Internet device and its local network. These local protocols are the least abstract because they deal directly with your physical hardware.

 

Open Protocols

 

·         standards not owned by a company such as HTTP, SMTP, TCP/IP

 

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

 

·         develops and promotes voluntary Internet standards and protocols, in particular the standards that comprise the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP).

 

Bandwidth

 

·         the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time (for digital data, it is measured in bits per second).

 

the cloud

 

·         storing data somewhere on the Internet, but you don't know where. (Google, Dropbox, Amazon, Snap!, etc.)