When the processor executes a process it automatically converts

When the processor executes a process it automatically converts

Long-term scheduling

 

·         The decision to add to the pool of processes to be executed

 

Medium-term scheduling

 

·         The decision to add to the number of processes that are partially or fully in main memory

 

Short-term scheduling

 

·         The decision as to which available process will be executed by the processor

 

I/O scheduling

 

·         The decision as to which process's pending I/O request shall be handled by an available I/O device

 

Is it necessary for all of the pages of a process to be in main memory while the process is executing?

 

·         No, if virtual memory is used.

 

Must the pages of a process in main memory be contiguous?

 

·         No.

 

Is it necessary for the pages of a process in main memory to be in sequential order?

 

·         No.

 

The _________ is a program that manages the computer's resources, provides services for programmers, and schedules the execution of other programs.

 

·         operating system (OS)

 

Three key interfaces in a typical computer system are: instruction set architecture, application programming interface, and ___________.

 

·         application binary interface (ABI)

 

The __________ , or nucleus, contains the most frequently used functions in the OS.

 

·         kernel

 

In an _________ system the user/programmer interacts directly with the computer, usually through a keyboard/display terminal to request the execution of a job or to perform a transaction.

 

·         interactive

 

A _________ system groups the user's program with programs for other users and is submitted by a computer operator, with results being printed out for the user upon completion of the program.

 

·         batch

 

Early computer systems presented two main problems: setup time and _____.

 

·         scheduling

 

The portion of the monitor that must always be in main memory and available for execution is referred to as the __________..

 

·         resident monitor

 

The technique where memory is expanded to hold three, four, or more programs and switch among all of them is __________, (or multitasking).

 

·         multiprogramming

 

In a _________ system multiple users simultaneously access the system through terminals, with the OS interleaving the execution of each user program in a short burst or quantum of computation.

 

·         time-sharing

 

The five defined states for a process are: new, ready, waiting, halted, and ________.

 

·         running

 

Each process is represented in the OS by a ___________, which typically contains identifier, state, priority, program counter, memory pointers, context data, I/O status information, and accounting information.

 

·         process control block

 

Because a process executes only in main memory, that memory is referred to as __________.

 

·         real memory

 

__________ allows the programmer to view memory as consisting of multiple address spaces or segments.

 

·         Segmentation

 

When the processor executes a process it automatically converts from logical to physical address by adding the current starting location of the process, called its __________, to each logical address

 

·         base address

 

_________ paging means that each page of a process is brought in only when it is needed

 

·         Demand