PSY 302 Week 5 Quiz

PSY 302  Week 5 Quiz | Ashford university

Question 1

Jayden’s work group adheres to a structured decision-making process in which team members generate ideas on their own and then bring what they came up with to the group for evaluation. What is the name of the process that Jayden’s group uses?  

·         brainstorming  

·         shared mental model  

·         nominal group technique 

·         collective efficacy

 

 

Question 2

What kind of diversity has been shown to improve a team’s effectiveness?  

·         demographic  

·         task-related 

·         value  

·         cultural

 

Question 3

Which job do the authors use to exemplify how requiring workers to act as a team can add an unnecessary layer of coordination and be impractical and time consuming?  

·         a sales representative for a tech company  

·         a specialist in a laboratory 

·         a nurse in a surgical unit  

·         a driver for a transportation company

 

 

Question 4

Four characteristics have been found to have the greatest influence on team performance. Which of the following is NOT one of them?  

·         team members’ personality

·         team members’ cognitive ability 

·         a team’s diversity  

·         a team’s location

 

 

Question 5

Shauna has a low level of tolerance for ambiguity. Given this, which of the following is most likely TRUE about Shauna?  

·         Shauna tends to find working on teams frustrating and unfulfilling and thus avoids them.  

·         Shauna tends to find working on teams satisfying and fulfilling and thus seeks them out.  

·         Shauna tends to be the source of much of her team’s conflict and is thus disliked by her team members.  

·         Shauna tends to be the source of much of her team’s camaraderie and is thus a highly prized team member.

 

 

Question 6

Approximately what percentage of U.S. companies use teams?  

·         less than 20 percent  

·         about 40 percent  

·         about 60 percent  

·         more than 80 percent

 

 

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true of team decision making?  

·         It accelerates the decision-making process.  

·         It leads to higher quality decisions.  

·         It leads to more alternatives.  

·         It promotes a sense of ownership of the decision.

 

 

Question 8

Bill is part of a team whose members are just starting to develop cohesion and commitment. They are figuring out which behaviors are acceptable (and unacceptable) to their teammates and are establishing their roles and relationships. Which of the five stages of team development is Bill’s team most likely experiencing?  

·         performing  

·         forming  

·         norming  

·         storming

 

 

Question 9

Which stage of team development ends with the team establishing a clear hierarchy and basic assignment of roles? 

·         forming  

·         storming  

·         adjourning  

·         performing

 

 Question 10

The presence of what main quality distinguishes work teams from work groups?  

·         goal attainment  

·         diversity  

·         interdependence  

·         communication

 

 Question 11

Given recent research on success in and beyond the workplace, what should companies do to improve employees’ well-being?  

·         Teach employees to more positively interpret their circumstances.  

·         Offer employees more vacation time and paid sick leave.  

·         Increase employee salaries to the top of what is competitive for the industry.  

·         Subsidize a larger portion of employees’ health care premiums and make sure they use their benefits.

 

 Question 12

Which U.S. company do the authors applaud for keeping its health care costs stable as costs have risen for other companies?  

·         Kaiser Family Foundation  

·         Arthur Andersen  

·         Safeway  

·         Apple

 

 Question 13

What are the two main approaches to managing the costs of health care in the workplace?  

·         reducing employer contributions and enhancing employees’ health  

·         eliminating employer contributions and enhancing employees’ health  

·         reducing employer contributions and encouraging free market health care options  

·         encouraging free market health care options and enhancing employees’ health

 

 Question 14

Which of the following measures do the authors say companies have taken to help working parents improve their work–life balance?  

·         offering vouchers for day care facilities  

·         subsidizing employees’ day care costs  

·         providing on-site day care facilities 

·         paying bonuses to employees with children under age 5

 

 Question 15

How many times on average are members of Generation X likely to change jobs during their first 10 years out of college?  

·         None—they graduated during the Great Recession and had a difficult time finding a job at all.  

·         None—they tend to favor stable employment and stick with one employer for the entirety of their career.  

·         Twice—they are willing to switch jobs to seek a better opportunity or more favorable work conditions.  

·         Four times—they have low job commitment and do not hesitate to leave a company they think is not a good ethical fit.

 

 Question 16

Which type of organizational commitment is most positively related to organizational outcomes?  

·         cognitive  

·         affective  

·         continuance  

·         normative

 

 Question 17

Eric’s attitude toward his job largely stems from the fact that he believes it pays well. Which employee attitude component is Eric demonstrating?  

·         cognitive  

·         affective  

·         psychological  

·         behavioral

 

Question 18

What did a meta-analytical study by happiness expert Sonja Lyubomirsky and her colleagues find about the relationship between positivity, happiness, and success?  

·         Happiness causes positivity.  

·         Positivity causes happiness.  

·         Positivity causes success.  

·         Success causes positivity.

 

 Question 19

Ariel hates being a corporate lawyer and would quit tomorrow if she could. However, keeping her job at the firm is the only way she can afford to support her aging parents, pay her mortgage, and put her three children through college. Which type of organizational commitment is Ariel demonstrating?  

·         cognitive  

·         continuance  

·         affective  

·         normative

 

 Question 20

Gemstone CoreWorks operates in mining, a hazardous industry. Company managers tend to be unaware of official policies and procedures, and employees are not trained on adequate safety practices. Which of the following best describes Gemstone CoreWorks?  

·         It has a lot of role ambiguity and as such will experience a lot of inevitable accidents.  

·         It is a human-capital-centric organization and as such will experience a lot of expensive accidents.  

·         It has a poor climate of safety and as such will experience a lot of avoidable accidents.  

·         It operates in a dangerous industry and as such will experience a lot of unavoidable accidents.

 

 Question 21

Ximena wants to design a test for applicants for a statistician position that solely focuses on g factors. Given that, which of the following would it most likely test?  

·         expertise in stochastic analysis  

·         performance of general math skills  

·         proficiency in linear algebra  

·         knowledge of measure-theoretic probability theory

 

Question 22

All of the following are examples of a job’s social context EXCEPT __________.  

·         competitive coworkers  

·         frequent interactions with customers  

·         a noisy work environment  

·         a supportive manager

 

Question 23

Which of the following scenarios MOST signals a need for training?

  

·         Jeff prefers to work on his own rather than be part of a team.   

·         Jeff spends much of the day visiting his coworkers at their desks to talk about sports.  

·         Jeff pesters his supervisor and coworkers with questions and seems to always need help.  

·         Jeff has trouble giving presentations because he does not like to be the center of attention.

 

 Question 24

What did one study of 110 identical twin pairs and 94 non-identical twin pairs reveal about a person’s propensity for leadership?  

·         Environmental factors are largely responsible for whether a person has a propensity for leadership. 

·         Genetics are largely responsible for whether a person has a propensity for leadership. 

·         Neither environmental factors nor genes are responsible for whether a person has a propensity for leadership. 

·         Identical twins have a greater propensity for leadership than non-identical twins.

 

Question 25

Which of the following is a drawback of people-centric leadership?  

·         It discourages employees from feeling like they are part of the company’s success. 

·         It fails to adequately acknowledge employees for their work. 

·         It can result in ineffective decision making.  

·         It can reduce employee autonomy and creativity.

 

 Question 26

All of the following are examples of people costs EXCEPT __________.  

·         retirement expenses  

·         bonuses 

·         uniform expenses 

·         health care costs

 

 

Question 27

Which of the following is TRUE about the Americans With Disabilities Act?  

·         Employers with 14 or fewer employees are not covered by the act. 

·         It was passed in 1990 and improved upon by the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993.  

·         It gives an employer the right to not provide a disability accommodation if doing so imposes an undue hardship on the organization.  

·         It requires the employer to accommodate a person with a disability under all circumstances.

·         The answer can be found in Chapter 2, Section 2.5, under the heading “Discrimination Based on Disability.”

 

Question 28

Juliana works at a progressive start-up called KitSit, where employees are encouraged to design and change their jobs as they see fit. What specifically does KitSit practice?  

·         job crafting  

·         job involvement  

·         job enlargement  

·         job enrichment

 

 Question 29

What did neurobiologist Antonio Damasio find when he studied patients with lesions in their prefrontal cortex, an area of the brain responsible for emotion?  

·         The patients became emotionally neutral, even though they maintained all of their other cognitive functions.  

·         The patients became filled with positive emotions, even when it was more appropriate to be sad or angry.  

·         The patients became filled with negative emotions, even when it was more appropriate to feel happy or excited.  

·         The patients became very violent, even when there was no stimulus to trigger them.

 

 Question 30

Randy tends to experience negative emotions such as anger, guilt, shame, fear, and anxiety. Given this, which of the following is most likely TRUE about Randy’s ability to make decisions?  

·         Randy is more effective at making decisions because he doesn’t sugarcoat things or get blinded by optimism.  

·         Randy is more effective at making decisions because he doesn’t take subjective things like people’s feelings into account.  

·         Randy is less effective at making decisions because he doesn’t see the point and gets paralyzed by indecision.  

·         Randy is less effective at making decisions because he doesn’t process information accurately.

 

 Question 31

Research shows that people tend to overestimate the extent to which behavior is due to one’s abilities or traits and underestimate the extent to which it is based on situational factors beyond a person’s control. What is the term for this tendency?

·         self-serving bias 

·         recency error 

·         fundamental attribution error 

·         contrast error

 

Question 32

Which of the following training evaluation criteria is LEAST useful in helping trainers assess the effectiveness of training?

·         results  

·         reaction  

·         learning  

·         behavioral

 

Question 33

Which of the following is an interactive training method?  

·         computer-assisted instruction 

·         demonstration 

·         apprenticeship  

·         job rotation

 

 Question 34

Luke designs a training program that has participants learn the desired skills over one very long practice session. What is the best term to describe the program he has designed?  

·         massed practice 

·         distributed practice 

·         whole learning 

·         part learning

 

 

Question 35

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies the contrast effect?  

·         Interviewer Janessa asks applicants Paul, Robert, and Michelle the same questions in the same order.  

·         Interviewer Janessa asks applicants Paul, Robert, and Michelle completely different questions during the interview.  

·         Job applicant Paul seems much more qualified compared to the three other people Janessa has just interviewed. 

·         Job applicants Paul and Michelle have exactly the same qualifications, but interviewer Janessa is reluctant to hire a woman for the position.

 

 

Question 36

Desmond frequently communicates with his manager, Juanita, to let her know about the status of his projects and give her feedback on various departmental operations. What kind of communication is described here? 

·         upward vertical 

·         downward vertical 

·         lateral  

·         diagonal

 

 Question 37

All of the following are among the basic categories of ERG theory EXCEPT __________.  

·         growth  

·         relatedness  

·         existence 

·         esteem

 

 Question 38

Renee is administering a test to a group of job applicants. Renee should share all of the following with the applicant pool EXCEPT __________.  

·         the reason the test is being administered 

·         how test results will be used in the selection process 

·         how confidentiality will be maintained  

·         the test questions and scores

 

 

Question 39

In what sector do the majority of I/O psychologists work?  

·         nonprofit 

·         private  

·         academia 

·         government

 

 

Question 40

Which of the following factors does NOT enhance the quality of the job interview process?  

·         the interviewer’s level of preparation  

·         limiting prompts and follow-up questions  

·         adapting the interview questions to the applicant  

·         designing questions using a thorough job analysis

 

 Question 41

Which of the following is an advantage of using the observation method to conduct a job analysis?  

·         The analyst need not rely on workers’ ability to recall relevant job details.  

·         The analyst can get workers to exhibit the Hawthorne effect.  

·         The analyst can save time and resources.  

·         The analyst can benefit from the knowledge of subject matter experts.

 

 Question 42

Shoya Foods determines that after training, employees are experiencing 10 fewer accidents per month. These numbers help the company evaluate its training program and would qualify as __________ criteria.  

·         behavioral  

·         learning  

·         results  

·         reaction

 

 

Question 43

What two factors are the focus of leader–member exchange theory?

  

·         tasks and goals  

·         emotional intelligence and expert power  

·         in-groups and out-groups 

·         network connectivity and network density

 

 Question 44

Which of the following is TRUE about behaviorally anchored rating scales?  

·         They have high face validity. 

·         They are better at decreasing rater error than the other rating methods.  

·         They are quick, easy, and inexpensive to develop.  

·         They are more valid and reliable than the other rating methods.

 

 Question 45

Michael needs to evaluate Kaliah by giving her a score of 1 to 5 in categories such as “attention to detail,” “teamwork,” and “organization.” Which of the following performance measures is Michael most likely using?  

·         rank ordering  

·         graphic rating scale 

·         behavioral observation scale 

·         paired comparison

 

 Question 46

Choose the correct APA (7TH EDITION) formatting for the following source: multimedia - http://www.prendismo.com/-video/?id=uQLsBFTw (Links to an external site.)  

·         Valerie Lyon discusses work life balance [Video]. http://www.prendismo.com/-video/?id=uQLsBFTw 

·         Prendismo Collection. (2014, March 27). Valerie Lyon discusses work life balance  

·         Cornell University (2014). work life balance. In Valerie Lyon: A case study on change management [Series].

 

·         Cornell University (2014). work life balance. http://www.prendismo.com/-video/?id=uQLsBFTw

 

Question 47

Choose the properly formatted citation for the following:

Baby Boomers were “born between 1946 and 1964… [and continue] to be the majority generational group in the workplace due to their sheer numbers and representation” __________________.

·         (Benjamin, n.d., para. 3)  

·         (Benjamin, n.d.)  

·         (Benjamin, T., n.d., para. 3)  

·         (B.T., Houston Chronicle, n.d.)

 

 

Question 48

Choose the properly formatted citation for the following:

In terms of interpersonal communication, what you think of yourself can affect all aspects of your daily life. Three ideas of the self that describe how an individual visualizes oneself are self-concept, self-image, and self-esteem. According to our text, “Self-concept can be defined as an appraisal of your own attributes and competencies” _____________________.

 

·         (Making connections, 2011)  

·         (Sole, 2011)  

·         (Sole, 2011, Section 3.1, para. 1)  

·         (Bridgepoint Education, para 1. sec. 3.1)

 

 

Which of the following would correct this example and prevent it from being considered plagiarism?

 

Question 50

Choose the correct APA (7TH EDITION) formatting for the following source: a website.

  

  

The beginner’s guide to goal setting. Hyatt, M. (2013, June 14). https://michaelhyatt.com/goal-setting/Links to an external site.