BUSNOB371 Week 11 Final Exam Week 14

BUSNOB371 Week 11 Final Exam Week 14 | Mohawk College

Final Exam OB371

Question 1

Leadership is best defined as ________.    

·         the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals  

·         the process of drawing up formal plans and monitoring their implementation  

·         the process of carrying out the vision and strategy provided by management  

·         the process of coordinating and staffing the organization and handling day-to-day problems  

·         the proper use of the influence gained exclusively as a result of one’s organizational position

Question 2

In the real world, what do people typically do when making a decision about a problem?    

·         follow the rational decision-making model  

·         seek the optimal decision  

·         obtain complete information about all possible alternatives before making a decision  

·         evaluate all the possible options in an unbiased and objective manner  

·         find a satisfactory and sufficient solution

Question 3

Organizations strive to develop new products more rapidly and to get them to market more quickly. This is a response to changes in ________.    

·         demographic trends  

·         competition  

·         social trends  

·         legal requirements  

·         nature of the workforce

Question 4

Which is the best manner in which to introduce information-security to an organization’s employees?    

·         memo  

·         letter  

·         meeting  

·         discussion forum  

·         training video

Question 5

All of the following are consequences of a relationship of trust between supervisors and employees, except that ________.    

·         trust facilitates information sharing  

·         trusting groups are more effective  

·         trust discourages taking risks  

·         trust enhances productivity  

·         company bottom lines are positively influenced by trust

Question 6

The three criteria for making ethical decisions are ________.    

·         utilitarianism, creativity, and rights  

·         historical precedents, rights, and utilitarianism  

·         rewards, regulations, and time orientation  

·         utilitarianism, rights, and justice  

·         historical precedents, reward, and justice

Question 7

________ refers to staying with a decision even when there is clear evidence it is wrong.    

·         Escalation of commitment  

·         Hindsight bias  

·         Satisficing  

·         Selective perception  

·         Availability bias

Question 8

With regard to the grapevine and rumours, a manager should try to ________.    

·         ignore it  

·         destroy it  

·         limit its range and impact 

·         use it to her advantage  

·         encourage its use

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true regarding power?    

·         A is said to have power over B if B controls something that A desires.  

·         The greater A’s dependence on B, the greater A’s power in the relationship.  

·         If A has the capacity to influence the behaviour of B, then A is said to have power over B.  

·         A can have power over B only if A is B’s leader.  

·         A can have power over B only when A and B have similar goals.

Question 10

Justin Trudeau, Mary Kay Ash, and Steve Jobs are often considered examples of ________ leaders.    

·         transactional  

·         transformational  

·         sanctioned  

·         nonsanctioned

·         charismatic

Question 11

How can Canadian managers be culturally sensitive?    

·         by indulging in frequent discussions about religion  

·         by discussing politics frequently  

·         by listening more  

·         by speaking quickly  

·         by making assumptions when unsure about someone’s point of view

Question 12

Which one of the following is not listed as a tactic for dealing with resistance to change?                  

·         acceleration  

·         manipulation  

·         participation  

·         cooptation  

·         education

Question 13

You are part of a group, making a decision about whether it is appropriate to discontinue research on a new drug. This new drug would save lives, but it is uncertain whether you can develop it within a reasonable time frame and at a reasonable cost. Your firm has already spent a small fortune on this drug. You have gathered so much information in preparation to making the decision that you are unable to sort the good information from the superfluous data. You just feel that this project has merit. What form of decision making are you using if you decide to continue the project because you feel that the project has merit?    

·         optimization  

·         intuitive  

·         rational  

·         satisficing  

·         bounded rationality

Question 14

Individuals from individualistic countries tend to see power as a means of ________ while those from collectivist countries tend to see power as a means of ________.    

·         advancing their personal ends; helping others  

·         advancing their personal ends; gaining advantage over others   

·         gaining advantage over others; advancing their personal ends  

·         helping others; advancing their personal ends  

·         helping others; gaining advantage over others

Question 15

All of the following are examples of downward communication flows except

________.    

·         managers assigning goals  

·         managers informing employees of procedures  

·         managers pointing out problems that need attention  

·         employees completing attitude surveys  

·         managers telling employees to work more quickly

Question 16

The conflict-handling techniques are characterized by two dimensions, cooperativeness and assertiveness. Assertiveness indicates the degree to which ________.   

·         one party attempts to satisfy his or her own concerns  

·         one party attempts to suppress the conflict  

·         the parties attempt to find a win-win solution  

·         one party attempts to satisfy the other party’s concerns  

·         the parties are willing to involve third-party conflict resolution techniques

Question 17

Which of the following is the foundation for all creative work, and is thus the single most important predictor of creative potential?    

·         expertise  

·         creative thinking skills  

·         intrinsic task motivation  

·         intuition  

·         analytical skills

Question 18

The University of Michigan studies define a(n) ________ leader as one who takes a personal interest in the needs of his/her subordinates.    

·         contingency  

·         task-oriented  

·         employee-oriented  

·         production-oriented  

·         structure initiating

Question 19

Which of the following traits does a decision maker need to have if they are to fully appraise a problem and even see problems that others are not aware of?    

·         creativity  

·         rationality  

·         conceptual style  

·         intuition  

·         individuality

Question 20

Within mentoring relationships, ________.    

·         only the protégé benefits  

·         the protégé mainly benefits, but the mentor might also benefit  

·         both the protégé and the mentor benefit  

·         the mentor mainly benefits, but the protégé might also benefit  

·         only the mentor benefits

Question 21

Which of the following steps in Kotter’s eight-step plan for implementing change represents the “refreezing” stage in Lewin’s three-step model?    

·         Plan for, create, and reward short-term “wins” that move the organization toward the new vision.  

·         Consolidate improvements, reassess changes, and make necessary adjustments in the new programs.  

·         Create a new vision to direct the change and strategies for achieving the vision.  

·         Empower others to act on the vision by removing barriers to change and encouraging risk taking and creative problem solving.  

·         Reinforce the changes by demonstrating the relationship between new behaviours and organizational success.

Question 22

Which of the following characteristics of an organization’s culture indicates the degree to which management decisions take into consideration the effect of outcomes on employees within the organization?    

·         attention to detail  

·         outcome orientation  

·         team orientation  

·         people orientation  

·         stability

Question 23

In a communication process, the ________ initiates a message by encoding a thought.    

·         receiver  

·         decoder  

·         channel

·         sender 

·         signal

Question 24

Selective information processing is a major force for resistance to change. It indicates that ________.    

·         changes in organizational patterns may threaten the expertise of specialized groups so these groups tend to resist change  

·         individuals hear what they want to hear and they ignore information that challenges the world they’ve created  

·         limited changes in subsystems tend to be nullified by the larger system  

·         groups in the organization that control sizable resources often resist change  

·         even if individuals want to change their behaviour, group norms may act as a constraint

Question 25

In the ethical yardstick of ________, decisions are made solely on the basis of their outcomes, ideally to provide the greatest good for the greatest number.    

·         utilitarianism  

·         self-serving bias  

·         bounded rationality  

·         selective perception  

·         anchoring bias

Question 26

When your work group disagrees, the disagreements usually concern how the group’s work should be accomplished. The type of conflict experienced by your group is ________.    

·         task conflict  

·         relationship conflict  

·         process conflict  

·         traditional conflict  

·         reactive conflict

Question 27

All of the following personal variables are potential sources of conflict except

________.

·         emotions  

·         values  

·         disagreeableness  

·         self-monitoring  

·         openness to experience

Question 28

The ultimate source of an organization’s culture is ________.   

·         its top management  

·         its environment  

·         the country in which the organization operates  

·         its founders  

·         the sociocultural backgrounds of its employees

Question 29

Which of the following skills best represents the ability of people to influence others to enhance their own objectives?    

·         analytical skill  

·         critical thinking skill  

·         political skill  

·         reflective thinking skill  

·         cognitive skill

Question 30

Stress is associated with ________ and ________.    

·         demands; resources  

·         support; commitment  

·         manipulation; cooptation  

·         education; communication  

·         unfreezing; refreezing

Question 31

Vance recently took over the role of director of an academic unit at a large university. While Vance has a Type A personality and is very organized and direct, his predecessor was very Type B and liked to go with the flow. Due to his predecessor’s personality, it is likely Vance will experience a long period of difficult change due to which phenomena?

·         utilitarianism  

·         formal regulation  

·         ethics  

·         historical precedent  

·         anchoring bias

Question 32

Which of the following is most likely to result from a strong organizational culture?    

·         low employee turnover  

·         low employee satisfaction  

·         low organizational commitment  

·         low agreement about what the organization represents  

·         low behavioural control resulting from the climate within the organization

Question 33

Which of the following statements is true regarding oral communication?    

·         It is often tangible and verifiable.  

·         It can be stored for an indefinite period.  

·         The sender can quickly obtain feedback from the receiver.  

·         As compared to written communication, it is more likely to be well thought out, logical, and clear.  

·         When the message has to pass through a number of people, as the number of people increases the possibility of distortion of the message decreases.

Question 34

Leah has found some ethical problems with the healthcare policy of her organization. She knows she is right in considering this as a vital issue to her organization’s welfare. She finds that others are taking advantage of her noncompetitive behaviour. Which conflict-handling strategy should Leah select in this situation?    

·         competition

·         collaboration  

·         avoidance  

·         accommodation  

·         compromise

Question 35

Which of the following statements is true regarding utilitarianism?    

·         It protects the interests of the underrepresented and less powerful.  

·         It reduces productivity and efficiency.  

·         It promotes decision making that is consistent with fundamental liberties and privileges, as set forth in documents such as the Bill of Rights.  

·         The utilitarianism view dominates business decision making.  

·         It imposes and enforces rules fairly and impartially.

Question 36

Which of the following is an example of an individual source of resistance to change?    

·         structural inertia  

·         selective information processing  

·         limited focus of change   

·         threat to established power relationships  

·         group inertia

Question 37

The Ohio State Studies narrowed the independent dimensions of leader behaviour to two that substantially accounted for most of the leadership behaviour described by employees: consideration and ________.    

·         employee-orientation  

·         empathy  

·         constructing vision  

·         initiating structure  

·         charisma

Question 38

If your superior tells you that she will offer you a raise provided you perform additional work beyond the requirements of your job, she is exercising ________ power.    

·         legitimate  

·         coercive  

·         reward  

·         personal  

·         reflective

Question 39

Which of the following power tactics emphasizes developing emotional commitment by appealing to a target’s values, needs, hopes, and aspirations?    

·         exchange  

·         consultation  

·         inspirational appeal  

·         ingratiation  

·         coalition

Question 40

________ conflict supports the goals of the group while ________ conflict hinders group performance.    

·         Interactionist; dysfunctional 

·         Functional; dysfunctional  

·         Dysfunctional; functional  

·         Dysfunctional; interactionist

Question 41

What is the source of the conflict between Susan and Nisha?  Explain.

Question 42

Identify the conflict handling style used by Susan and support your answer with evidence from the case.

Her conflict handling style is avoidance. She never brought up her concerns to Nisha personally instead emailed her instead. Also, during the meeting she had with Mary, when it was time for discussion instead of trying to find a solution she ran away instead.

Question 43

Identify the conflict handling style used by Nisha and support your answer with evidence from the case

Question 44

According to Hershey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Theory which Leadership style is each supervisor following? Provide evidence from the case to support your answer.

Question 45

According to Hershey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Theory which leadership style should be used with the clerks?  Explain.

Question 46

There are 5 sources or bases of power that have been reviewed this semester.  Identify one source or base of power for each supervisor.  Support your answer with evidence from the case.

Question 47

According to the text, people will respond to power in one of 3 ways. How did the employees (or one employee) respond to each of Susan’s  bases of power? Support your answer with evidence from the case.

Question 48

According to the text, people will respond to power in one of 3 ways. How did the employees (or one employee) respond to each of Nisha’s  bases of power? Support your answer with evidence from the case.