SOCI 111 Week 8 M08 CH 18 REVIEW QUIZ

SOCI 111 Week 8 M08 CH 18 REVIEW QUIZ | Ivy Tech Community College

Question 1

 (Q001) Everyone in attendance at a midnight screening of The Rocky Horror Picture Show was dressed in skimpy, revealing clothing, while a sign in the theater lobby mandated a dress code of "appropriate, everyday attire." Could this be seen as an example of collective action?    

·         Yes, because everyone in the theater did the same thing.  

·         Yes, because the show was organized and advertised ahead of time.  

·         No, because it was purely for entertainment value.  

·         No, because social norms at the screening did not diverge among those who were present.

 

Question 2

 (Q002) At concerts by the post-punk band Parquet Courts, many members of the audience engage in "moshing," a very physical form of dancing involving jumping and colliding into others. Could this be seen as an example of collective action?    

·         Yes, because more than one individual is involved.  

·         No, because moshing is an expected and acceptable behavior at rock concerts.  

·         Yes, because moshing is contagious.  

·         No, because moshing doesn't aim to change something about society.

 

Question 3

 (Q003) What is an example of mass collective action?    

·         a one-day strike by the employees of a small business  

·         a rally in a state capital in support of stricter emissions standards for automobiles  

·         a boycott of a clothing manufacturer that has factories overseas where child labor is used  

·         a sit-in in the administrative building of a university by students who are protesting the firing of a professor

 

Question 4

 (Q004) The annual World Naked Bike Ride protests oil use and attracts millions of people. Riders gather, disrobe, and then ride through a busy part of town, while they are watched and reacted to by nonriders. Is this consistent with the idea behind convergence theory?    

·         No, because it is not possible to determine individual motive.  

·         Yes, because all participants have the same idea.

·         No, because different people have very different perspectives on what "oil use" means.  

·         Yes, because the underlying shared interest has no social protest meaning, but is simply a way to have fun.

 

Question 5

 (Q005) What is a criticism of contagion theory?    

·         It downplays individual agency.  

·         It does not explain how collective action spreads.  

·         It overemphasizes psychological tensions.  

·         It downplays the influence of cultural or emotional components.

 

Question 6

 (Q006) What is ironic about how we define ourselves as individuals?    

·         We tend to define ourselves in terms of how we think others see us.  

·         We usually define ourselves in terms of what we don't like or don't identify with as opposed to what we do like or identify with.  

·         We tend to define ourselves in terms of how we want others to see us.  

·         We generally define our individuality in terms of our association with various groups.

 

Question 7

 (Q007) Fluidity around who you are as you interact with different subcultures, particularly when it is facilitated by social media spaces such as fan pages and private groups, is representative of your    

·         multiple personality.  

·         dynamic identity.  

·         fixed identity.  

·         static identity.

 

Question 8

 (Q008) Why might the Occupy Wall Street movement be considered a revolutionary social movement?    

·         It advocated the radical reorganization of American society to better benefit "the 99 percent."  

·         It took place when people with similar ideas and tendencies gathered in the same place.  

·         It was unorganized collective behavior that affected limited change.  

·         It was ritualized behavior.

 

Question 9

 (Q009) What are two factors that are used to distinguish between different types of social movements?    

·         the type of collective action that is used; the institutional organization of the movement  

·         the geographic reach of the movement; the internal strength of the movement  

·         whether the change sought is political or social; whether the movement works through traditional channels  

·         whose behavior they seek to change; whether the change sought is limited or radical

 

Question 10

 (Q010) What is an example of a reformative social movement?    

·         a movement that encourages individuals to return to a radically simpler way of life, including renouncing the use of technology such as cars and phones  

·         a movement by an oppressed majority in a country to overthrow the government and create a more equitable society  

·         a movement that promotes a switch from standard incandescent light bulbs to energy-saving, compact fluorescent bulbs in all American households  

·         a movement to get people who wear clothing items made with animal fur to switch to products made with synthetic fur

 

Question 11

 (Q011) In response to rising crime perpetrated by teenagers, local residents band together to create more opportunities for recreational activities, jobs, and leadership training for young people. This is an example of what type of social movement?    

·         reformative social movement  

·         alternative social movement  

·         revolutionary social movement  

·         redemptive social movement

 

Question 12

 (Q012) What major factor in the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa and the civil rights movement in the United States runs counter to the idea in resource mobilization theory that the elite are the most likely to initiate a social movement?    

·         The people with the least at stake are most likely to create success.  

·         The least powerful persons are able to overcome their limitations by enlisting the support of the elite.  

·         The relationship of the individual to the group is what creates success.  

·         The people with the most at stake are most likely to create success.

 

Question 13

 (Q013) Why is NARAL Pro-Choice America representative of a social movement organization?    

·         It has a part-time leadership staff and a large, actively involved membership.  

·         It has a full-time leadership staff and a large membership base.  

·         It employs lobbying tactics using paid lobbyists.  

·         It avoids any political activity that might offend its members.

 

Question 14

 (Q014) What is the primary difference between a participatory movement organization and a professional movement organization?    

·         the level of involvement of rank-and-file members  

·         how the organization's leadership is chosen  

·         the types of protests and demonstrations used to promote the organization's cause  

·         the level of involvement of organization founders

 

Question 15

 (Q015) Residents of a small city learn that a big-box retailer is considering opening a new store in their community. Advocates on each side of the issue mobilize to hang banners and signs around town, write letters to local officials, speak at community meetings, and research how such stores have impacted similar communities. All this is an example of which type of social movement organization?    

·         a professional movement organization  

·         a reformative organization  

·         a mass protest organization  

·         a grassroots organization

 

Question 16

 (Q016) How might the rise of online associations be affecting the tradition of volunteerism in the United States?

  

·         There is a renewed engagement with volunteerism as the Internet has created new ways for people to connect with others who care about the same issues.  

·         More young people are getting involved with civic associations, as organizations have become savvy about how to attract this demographic through online marketing.  

·         People may be joining more organizations, but their participation may be more passive, involving less hands-on work and face-to-face interactions.  

·         Levels of participation in volunteer organizations are declining because people feel bombarded with online messages and requests for financial contributions.

 

Question 17

 (Q017) In the model of premodern societies, Georg Simmel suggests that they are characterized by concentric circles of social affiliation. At the center of this circle of affiliation is    

·         the leader.  

·         me.  

·         the family.  

·         the village.

 

Question 18

 (Q018) Modern social organization began to replace premodern social relations with the rise of    

·         scientific knowledge and the concept of rationality.  

·         the concept of representative government.  

·         global exploration and knowledge of other cultures.  

·         the free-market economic system.

 

Question 19

 (Q019) Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram give us instant access to the smallest details of others' lives. We need no personal connection to those we follow, nor knowledge of their culture or history. For the postmodernist, this embodies the idea that    

·         we should question whether there is a history.  

·         history has a shape and is linear.  

·         history is a specific period.  

·         we can understand the general processes in our social world.

 

Question 20

 (Q020) In his interview with Dalton Conley, Doug McAdam explains that the Internet makes it easy for new social movements to disseminate information broadly. However, he also notes some drawbacks, including the fact that    

·         people without Internet access lose their political voice.   

·         movements often take off quickly but then quickly lose momentum as new social causes pop up.  

·         people are more susceptible to propaganda on the Internet than in person.  

·         electronically based movements may not be able to take advantage of existing interpersonal relationships to mobilize behavioral change.

 

Question 21

 (Q021) It has been argued that the drastic cultural shift in our society's tolerance of homosexuals in recent decades resulted from homosexuality no longer being medically classified as a mental illness along with increased visibility of homosexuals as they took pride in their sexual orientation and "came out of the closet." This is an example of which cause of social change?    

·         technological innovation  

·         new ideas and identities  

·         conflict between social actors  

·         resource mobilization

 

Question 22

 (Q022) During the Free Speech Movement protests at the University of California-Berkeley in 1964, more than 800 students participated in a sit-in, occupying the administrative building on campus for 11 hours before the police began mass arrests. This is an example of    

·         postmodernity.  

·         mass collective action.  

·         crowd collective action.  

·         a redemptive social movement.

 

Question 23

 (Q023) Petra finds it appalling that her university doesn't have a comprehensive recycling program on campus. She's worried about the environmental harm of so much garbage going to landfills. She starts talking with her classmates and writing editorials in the college newspaper about this issue, but she becomes frustrated because nobody seems to care. She finally gives up and decides to transfer to another university that better shares her values. Petra's social movement failed to reach which stage?   

·         emergence  

·         routinization  

·         coalescence  

·         emergent norm

 

Question 24

 (Q024) After their football team wins the championship for the first time ever, college students pour out into the streets to celebrate with each other. Madison, a very excited freshman, climbs up on a car and begins jumping up and down, which sets the car alarm off. Pretty soon, there's a cacophony of alarms as almost all of the cars lining the street are being jumped on by revelers. This ultimately results in a riot in which 13 people were injured, thousands of dollars of property was destroyed, and 19 students were arrested. How might emergent norm theory explain this instance of collective action?    

·         The behavior spread through the crowd like a contagious disease.  

·         Madison was a keynoter whose behavior was copied by others.  

·         A social strain created the conditions for the riot to occur.  

·         The riot occurred because all of the students who gathered had similar ideas and tendencies.