SOCI 111 Week 6 CH 12 REVIEW QUIZ

SOCI 111 Week 6 CH 12 REVIEW QUIZ | Ivy Tech Community College

M06 CH 12 REVIEW QUIZ 

Question 1 

(Q001) It was not until 1967 that black-white marriage was legalized in the United States as a result of the case of Loving v. Virginia. For many people, that couple's union represented a violation of social norms because    

·         there were clear social sanctions that they chose to ignore.  

·         they married outside their group.  

·         they were from very different socioeconomic backgrounds.  

·         they were social equivalents with very different backgrounds.

 

Question 2

 (Q002) The US television show Sister Wives tells the true story of Kody Brown, a Utah man with four wives. Existing legal sanctions in the United States prohibit polygamy, including the type of polygamy that Brown practiced, which is referred to as  

·         polyandry. 

·         polygyny.   

·         monogamy.  

·         polyamory.

 

Question 3

 (Q003) Talcott Parsons's claim that the nuclear family was necessary to modern industrial society because it fulfilled society's need for productive workers (men) and child rearers (women) is an example of a functionalist approach to sociology. The main problem with this idea is that the   

·         function of fulfilling a need for productive workers is not exclusively that of a single institution.  

·         function of fulfilling a need for productive workers is a matter of gender and not of family.  

·         problem of how to fulfill the need for productive workers is more clearly understood as a symbolic process.  

·         entire idea of a productive worker in modern society is a fallacy.

 

Question 4

 (Q004) Why did the changes brought about during the Industrial Revolution lead to the erosion of kinship networks?  

·         As industry developed, farming and subsistence lifestyles declined because migration forced a restructuring of family units as men left to work in factories.  

·         Industrial processes brought greater efficiency to the family, which made it easier for members of the household to move away.  

·         As children took up work in factories, they became less responsive to parental authority.  

·         Changes in both transportation and land availability made it easier for members of the extended family to move apart.

 

Question 5

 (Q005) The Industrial Revolution had a dramatic effect on the division of labor between (white) men and women, changing the nature of gender roles and shifting kinship networks. This represents a major shift in the    

·         importance of women in industry.  

·         role of children in the family.  

·         realms of the public and private.  

·         increasing importance of wages as a marker of social importance.

 

Question 6

 (Q006) The Tobachnik family has one son and two daughters. The son mows the lawn and takes out the garbage. The daughters do laundry, dust, vacuum, and clean up after meals. This distribution of the chores is an example of    

·         the importance of teaching children to share household management duties.  

·         how gender roles are learned at home.  

·         the natural division of labor between boys and girls.  

·         children bearing part of the burden of women's "second shift."

 

Question 7

 (Q007) The text discusses the concept of the "second shift," the extra domestic duties that women do for the family, in addition to paid employment. Why have time-saving devices and products such as dishwashers and laundry machines not made men's housework contributions equal to women's housework?    

·         Technology gains have been impressive, but the manufacturers of these products have not yet attained the level of sales that they desire.

·         Technology advances have helped bring more women into the workforce, but have not made the kinds of gains hoped for.  

·         Technology advances have attempted to sell to men unsuccessfully, resulting in women "picking up the slack."  

·         Technology advances have raised the bar on levels of acceptable cleanliness, and domestic housework has long been seen as "women's work."

 

Question 8

 (Q008) In the last few decades, women's earning power has increased, yet they continue to do more domestic work than men. The text notes that when a woman's earnings surpass that of her husband's, the husband often quits doing housework. From a sociological perspective, we might attribute this to    

·         entrenched norms and values concerning masculinity and femininity.  

·         a perceived drop in the utility of the man in the household.  

·         the fact that as their parents age, one of them must take on the responsibility of caring for them.  

·         changes in how employers provide benefits such as child care and time off to women.

 

Question 9

 (Q009) Which scenario represents a common gender imbalance of domestic chores in the United States?    

·         Kimya is primarily responsible for the children as well as cooking and cleaning during the week; Pablo takes on all those responsibilities on the weekends.  

·         Chandra does most of the cooking and cleaning; Shawn usually picks the kids up from school and helps them with homework.  

·         Marta does most of the grocery shopping, cooking, and laundry; James mows the lawn, makes chili on special occasions, and cleans the garage twice a year.  

·         Amy does most of the laundry, cleaning, and gardening; Lucas does most of the cooking and usually walks and feeds the dogs.

 

Question 10

 (Q010) Why do many women often "bite the second shift bullet" when the threat of a divorce looms?    

·         The threat of abuse forces them into this decision.  

·         The anticipated financial cost of a divorce leads them to this decision.  

·         The cost of child care leads them to this decision.  

·         The appeal of the "supermom" role leads them to make this choice.

 

Question 11

(Q011) What might be the reason why gay and lesbian couples spend twice as long doing domestic chores as their heterosexual equivalents?    

·         Both partners earn at similar levels in the labor market, so they act equally egalitarian at home.  

·         Same-sex couples with children must do twice as much to compensate for the lack of parenting skills.  

·         Same-sex couples see domestic work as legitimizing their households, which makes domestic work a validating activity.  

·         Same-sex couples do not have children in the same numbers as heterosexual couples, and therefore have more time to devote to domestic work.

 

Question 12

 (Q012) How did social scientists in the 1960s view the strong role held by women in many African American families?    

·         as the inevitable result of years of poverty and discrimination that stripped black families of their husbands and fathers  

·         as an anomaly that was the result of increased job opportunities for black women after World War II  

·         as a positive characteristic that ultimately would bring more balance to relationships and make African American families stronger  

·         as a negative characteristic that served to emasculate black men and ultimately increase social problems in African American communities

 

Question 13

(Q013) In the Moynihan report, The Negro Family, released in 1965, it was found that 25 percent of black wives outearned their husbands, leading the report to conclude that there was a "pathological" matriarchy. One of the chief conclusions that emerged from this report was that black women    

·         spent too much time away from home.  

·         needed to be more feminine in order to be successful wives.  

·         were a reminder that women in general can be powerful and successful.  

·         were the fundamental cause of poverty.

 

Question 14

 (Q014) Why has the idea of the "traditional family" helped social scientists better understand black families in America?

·         Its identification as a specific historical phenomenon that has rarely applied to black families helps us better understand the unique characteristics in a less judgmental way.  

·         Its identification as a universal aspect of human behavior has helped us understand the relationship between different ethnic groups more effectively.  

·         Its applicability to both black and Latino families has helped social scientists better understand both these groups in a less judgmental manner.  

·         Its identification with family characteristics found in the preindustrial period of America has helped us understand the consequences of slavery more effectively.

 

Question 15

 (Q015) What did sociologists Kathryn Edin and Laura Lein find in their research that contradicts the media myth of lazy welfare mothers?    

·         It took as long as eight years for the welfare system to process a request to move off of welfare.  

·         Single mothers on welfare stayed only long enough to qualify for welfare-to-work programs.  

·         All single mothers prefer self-reliance to welfare.  

·         Most single mothers do not seek job training that would allow them to get off welfare.

 

Question 16

 (Q016) The divorce rate in the United States rose steadily since the nineteenth century. In his interview with Dalton Conley, Andrew Cherlin suggests that one of the primary reasons for this paradox of the increasing divorce rate at the same time the "love of marriage" persists is due to    

·         dramatic shifts in our economy since the 1900s.  

·         the "sexual revolution" of the 1960s.  

·         increased poverty in many states.  

·         the pervasive idea of individualism that has flourished in America since the Colonial period.

 

Question 17

 (Q017) In his interview with Dalton Conley, Andrew Cherlin states that the most politically and religiously conservative states in the United States have the highest levels of divorce. How does he explain this seemingly contradictory finding?    

·         Divorce has only recently become socially acceptable in these states, leading to a sharp rise in divorce levels.  

·         The average age of first marriage is younger in these states, which have higher odds of ending in divorce.  

·         Economic struggles, not personal values, may contribute to rocky marriages, and these states are relatively poor.  

·         Higher fertility levels in these states are associated with increased pressure on couples, which is detrimental to marriage.

 

Question 18

 (Q018) Josephine's parents divorced when she was five years old. By the time she was eight, both her parents had remarried and she had two stepsiblings on her father's side and a half-brother on her mother's side. Josephine's two new families are examples of what type of family?    

·         a blended family  

·         an extended family  

·         a nuclear family  

·         a kinship network

 

Question 19

 (Q019) Same-sex marriage has been at the forefront of America's "culture wars" for more than a decade. What progress preceded the Supreme Court's 2015 decision to legalize same-sex marriage nationally?    

·         The federal tax code allowed same-sex couples to file a joint return.  

·         The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) was struck down.  

·         A majority of Americans agreed that a heterosexual union need not define a family.  

·         A majority of states legalized same-sex marriage

 

Question 20

(Q020) What is one of the strongest predictors of sibling-on-sibling violence?    

·         genetic factors  

·         fathers with short tempers  

·         poverty  

·         single-parent households

 

Question 21

 (Q021) What has research revealed about the effect of divorce on children?    

·         Divorce does not harm children.  

·         Divorce is bad for children.  

·         Divorce has different effects on different kids, even within a single family.

·         Divorce is worse for boys than girls.

 

Question 22

 (Q022) Immigrants tend to differ from native-born Americans in what way?    

·         They tend to delay marriage and childbearing much longer.  

·         They form and keep families together at a higher rate.  

·         Foreign-born children are less likely than native-born children to live with married parents.  

·         They are less likely to get married.

 

Question 23

 (Q023) Sara runs a blog called "Home and Hearth" that focuses on tips for stay-at-home wives and mothers to express their true feminine nature by making their homes a warm, nurturing haven for their husbands and children. Sara is promoting the notion of ____.    

·         cohabitation  

·         the cult of domesticity  

·         the second shift  

·         reproductive labor

 

Question 24

 (Q024) Zaria is on her way to a job interview when she gets a call from the babysitter that her daughter Mia is sick. Zaria can't afford to miss the interview so she calls her aunt who agrees to pick up Mia and take her to the pediatrician. Zaria was able to make the interview (and get the job) because she had help and support from her ____    

·         blended family.  

·         kinship network.  

·         nuclear family.  

·         pathological matriarchy.