Introduction to Applied Statistics

Question 1. Use of technology in class at UTMThe purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of using technology (such as: iClicker, Top Hat,Kahoot or any interactive platform to communicate with the Instructor) within a course on student’soverall academic performance. One question of interest isDo you agree with the statement: I prefer a course that uses technology in class over a course that does not”?Students could choose one of the following answers: Strongly Agree, Agree, Neutral, Disagree, StronglyDisagree.The data of this study are given in the file “Technology Assignment1.csv”. Check Quercus.(a) Identify the following in terms of the above study. Be as specific as possible:(1) Experimental unit(2) Population(3) Sample(4) Variable - Classify as quantitative or qualitative.(b) In your opinion, what method of collecting data was used to answer the question of interest? Justifyyour answer.(c) Use R to construct a relative frequency table for the data.(d) Use R to display the relative frequencies in a bar graph.(e) Use R to construct a pie chart for the data.(f) Give your opinion on whether the students prefer a course that uses technology in class over a course that does not. Justify your answer.Question 2. Is honey a cough remedy?Does a teaspoon of honey before bed really calm a child’s cough? To test the folk remedy, pediatric researchers carried out a study involving a sample of 99 children who were ill with an upper respiratorytract infection. On the first night, parents rated their children’s cough symptoms on a scale from 0 (no problems at all) to 30 (extremely severe). On the second night, the parents were instructed to give theirsick child a dosage of liquid “medicine” prior to bedtime.Unknown to the parents,? the first group are given dose of honey.? the second group: are given a similar dosage of dextromethorphan (DM), i.e., cough medicine.? the third group (the control group) gave their sick children no dosage at all.Again, the parents rated their children’s cough symptoms, and the improvement in total cough symptoms score was determined for each child. The data (improvement scores) of this study are given in the file“COUGH Assignment1.csv”. Check Quercus.STA215- Instructor: Dr. Luai Al Labadi Page 3 of 4(a) Identify the following in terms of the above study. Be specific.(1) Experimental unit(2) Population(3) Sample(4) Variables - Classify as quantitative or qualitative.(b) Is this is a designed experiment? Justify your answer.(c) Use R to construct a side-by-side boxplot for the three groups of data.(d) From part (c):(1) Can you conclude that a teaspoon of honey before bed really calms a child’s cough? Explain(2) State which group appears to have the most variability in coughing improvement scores? Theleast variability? Explain(3) Identity, if any, the outliers in each group. Explain 



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