HIST 1302 Week 6 Exam

HIST 1302 Week 6 Exam | Assignment Help | Central Texas College

•           Question 1

            What made it so difficult for the United States to reject the demands of Joseph Stalin for establishing a Soviet sphere in eastern Europe?                        

·        The Soviet Union had long feared the aggressive governments of eastern Europe.

·        Since the United States wanted to create a similar sphere of influence in western Europe, Stalin’s request could hardly be denied.

·        Roosevelt realized the sacrifices the Soviets had made in their victory in the Eastern front.

·        Virtually all of the eastern European territories in question had once been part of the Russian empire.

·        It was hard for Roosevelt to distinguish between eastern European Slavs and Russian-speaking Soviets.

Question 2

In what aspect of American foreign policy did Franklin D. Roosevelt remove himself from Herbert Hoover’s precedent?                                  

·        He promised Latin American neighbors to end his predecessor’s policy of interventionism.

·        He urged European nations to abandon their colonial possessions in Africa.

·        He formally recognized the Soviet Union in an effort to stimulate trade.

·        He promised nationalists in China to intervene in their civil war.

·        He called for the era of isolationism toward Europe to be over.

Question 3

Why did Franklin D. Roosevelt announce his candidacy for a third term in 1940?

·        He argued that the recovery was too fragile and the international situation too dangerous for him to leave his post.

·        He argued that the nation should not switch its executive leadership in the middle of war.

·        He did so reluctantly after recognizing that his eight years of leadership had failed to produce a viable successor in the Democratic Party.

·        He argued that the United States could only defeat the dictators of Italy, Germany, and Japan if they follow the leader with similar authority and power.

·        He feared that the Republican incumbent Wendell Wilkie lacked the experience to govern the nation.

Question 4

The Fair Employment Practices Commission:    

·        was administered by A. Philip Randolph.

·        fined those employers who discriminated against blacks.

·        applied only to Mexican immigrants working in war production.

·        was the first federal agency since Reconstruction to advocate equal opportunity for blacks.

·        was criticized by the black press.

Question 5

The “zoot suit” riots were between the police of Detroit and the black workers of the city.

·        True

·        False

Question 6

How did wartime experiences change Mexican-American life in California?         

·        Tremendous wage increases prompted young Mexican workers to spend carelessly on frivolous outfits.

·        Service in segregated army units motivated Mexican-American activists to join ranks with African-American civil rights groups.

·        The war increased the need for farmworkers, prompting Mexican-Americans to leave urban neighborhoods for rural regions instead.

·        Employment opportunities in the defense sector attracted Mexican farmworkers to the cities, where they built exclusive barrio neighborhoods.

·        Employment opportunities in the defense sector prompted Mexican-Americans to find work outside of their neighborhoods.

Question 7

After the opening up of a second front with the success of the Normandy invasion on D-Day, British and American troops inflicted devastating damage upon the Germans, resulting in over 80 percent of German casualties.

·        True   

·        False

Question 8

Black internationalism during World War II:                             

·        supported colonial rule if it followed the principles of the New Deal.

·        was a complete rejection of Marcus Garvey’s political ideals.

·        was a new movement with no historical antecedents.

·        was rejected by W. E. B. Du Bois.

·        connected the plight of black Americans to that of people of color

·        worldwide.

Question 9

How did the Allied campaign in Italy prepare for the ground invasion of France on D-Day?                               

·        By occupying Italy, Allied forces were able to channel supplies through Switzerland and France to the westward marching invaders from Normandy.

·        The defeat of Mussolini’s regime forced Hitler to redirect valuable German troops to occupy Italy.

·        American soldiers had the opportunity to hone their fighting skills in the much more forgiving Mediterranean theater of war.

·        Allied forces had to secure the Mediterranean for unperturbed access to Middle Eastern oil, a necessary resource for the ground invasion.

·        The defeat of Italy made it possible to recruit desperately needed Italian ground troops for an invasion in France.

Question 10

During World War II, the Border Patrol deported about as many Mexicans as had crossed over under the bracero program.     

·        True

·        False

Question 11

The principles of freedom embodied by the 1941 Atlantic Charter:                          

·        included all of Roosevelt’s four freedoms.

·        inspired Britain and France to abandon their overseas colonies after the war.

·        reflected the idea of a global extension of the New Deal that would improve the quality of life for people all over the world.

·        were initially embraced by Stalin after the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union.

·        advocated for racial equality in all nations, including the United States.

Question 12

Who did publisher Henry Luce credit with the provision of “the abundant life” in his blueprint for postwar prosperity, The American Century?                              

·        Returning veterans.

·        Labor unions.

·        Free enterprise.

·        The New Deal state.

·        The Department of Defense.

Question 13

The “zoot suit” riots of 1943:                               

·        highlighted the limits of racial tolerance during World War II.

·        involved autoworkers in Detroit.

·        were a series of fashion shows in Hollywood.

·        highlighted the limits of racial tolerance during World War II.

·        involved Mexican immigrants fighting with blacks in Los Angeles.

·        highlighted the growing acceptance of Mexicans in southern California.

Question 14

During the war, for the first time in American history, married women outnumbered single women in the labor force.                           

·        True

·        False

Question 15

What accounted for the tension between Great Britain and the United States at the Yalta conference?                         

·        Churchill and Roosevelt disagreed over the future status of Britain’s overseas colonies.

·        Churchill resented an early suggestion by Roosevelt to allow communism in postwar Europe if the people supported it by popular referendum.

·        Churchill and Roosevelt disagreed over the future status of Britain’s overseas colonies.

·        Churchill resented Roosevelt’s private meetings with Stalin over proposed divisions of conquered Japanese territory in the Far East.

·        Churchill did not agree with Roosevelt’s proposal to have the Soviet Union join the war against Japan.

·        Roosevelt and Churchill disagreed on the best method to set colonies on the road to independence.

Question 16

For most women workers, World War II:

·        allowed them to make temporary gains.

·        permanently changed the way unions viewed them.

·        allowed them to make temporary gains.

·        did not increase employment rates, especially for married women.

·        permanently changed the way employers viewed them.

·        had little impact.

Question 17

Organized labor entered a three-sided arrangement with government and business that allowed union membership to soar to unprecedented levels.                            

·        True

·        False

Question 18

Organized labor emerged as:                                 

·        a major supporter of the foreign policy of the Cold War.

·        a vocal critic of McCarthyism.

·        a major supporter of the foreign policy of the Cold War.

·        the best informants for the FBI and HUAC.

·        a radical wing of the Communist Party.

·        a militant group willing to fight the Red Scare.

Question 19

After World War II, the only nation that could rival the United States was:

·        the Soviet Union.

·        Great Britain.

·        Germany.

·        the Soviet Union.

·        France.

·        Japan.

Question 20

How had the political climate changed in the South during World War II in the early Cold War years?                         

·        The number of African-Americans in the region that were registered to vote increased sevenfold.

·        The high concentration of prisoner-of-war camps in the region had made these southerners savvy in foreign affairs.

·        The region’s central role in the development of the atom bomb made it the capital of militant Cold War politics.

·        The number of African-Americans in the region that were registered to vote increased sevenfold.

·        The mass exodus of African-Americans for the West Coast and Northeast left the region almost exclusively white.

·        In light of the fight against an enemy with a racial ideology, the states of the upper South abolished segregation and Jim Crow rule.

Question 21

Civil rights initiatives after 1948:

·        waned, given widespread American sentiment that any criticism of American society smacked of “disloyalty.”

·        included enforcement of bans on discrimination in employment and housing.

·        remained a strong priority for the Democratic Party.

·        waned, given widespread American sentiment that any criticism of American society smacked of “disloyalty.”

·        became more important after the Soviets pointed out American hypocrisy.

·        continued in the same vein as those achieved during the Truman administration.

Question 22

Operation Dixie was:                                  

·        the postwar union campaign in the South.

·        an effort to increase black suffrage.

·        the congressional effort to outlaw lynching.

·        a postwar strike wave.

·        the mass return of African-Americans to the South after World War II.

·        the postwar union campaign in the South.

Question 23

Which long-held U.S. territory was granted independence in 1946? 

·        The Philippines.

·        Guam.

·        Puerto Rico.

·        Wake Island.

·        The Philippines.

·        Samoa.

Question 24

What was so ironic about Dean Acheson’s speech to the Delta Council in 1947?  

·        Acheson praised the president’s defense of democratic institutions in the place that did not know democracy.

·        The Under Secretary of State was warning the same audience against the Cold War that had already heard Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech a month prior.

·        Acheson had delivered the same speech to the council the year before.

·        Acheson praised the president’s defense of democratic institutions in the place that did not know democracy.

·        Acheson was delivering a speech meant for new African-American Democrats in Mississippi to a gathering of white supremacists.

·        Acheson was urging the gathering of cotton planters to automate production, while the Democrats were pushing for fair wages for black farmworkers.

Question 25

Which statement about the Korean conflict is FALSE?                        

·        Chinese troops threatened to enter the conflict, but never did.

·        Truman removed General MacArthur from his command when he publicly criticized Truman.

·        The war ended in a cease-fire, not with a formal peace treaty.

·        The United Nations authorized the use of forces to repel the North Koreans.

·        Chinese troops threatened to enter the conflict, but never did.

·        General MacArthur argued for an invasion of China and for the use of nuclear weapons.

Question 26

Harry Truman’s reelection in 1948 was one of the greatest upsets in American political history.                                   

·        True

·        False

Question 27

Republicans won control of both branches of Congress in 1946 due in part to voter unhappiness over labor disputes.                                 

·        True

·        False

Question 28

How did the Soviet focus on social and economic rights in the Cold War human rights debate affect American attitudes?                        

·        In the climate of anticommunist hysteria, it prompted many Americans to condemn these rights as a first step to socialism.

·        In the climate of anticommunist hysteria, it prompted many Americans to condemn these rights as a first step to socialism.

·        It caused millions of Americans to be jealous and get curious about the Soviet Union.

·        It secured voting rights for women along with a quota system for political leadership positions.

·        It gave Americans comfort to know that their own emphasis on social and economic rights placed them far ahead of the Soviet Union.

·        It inspired American politicians to invoke the example of the Soviet Union in order to push for bolder reincarnations of the New Deal.

Question 29

What obstacle did Harry Truman face when he assumed the presidency following the death of Franklin Roosevelt in April 1945?                           

·        Harry Truman had absolutely no experience in foreign policy, the most important qualification at this point in American history.

·        Truman had been such an aggressive power player in Congress that he was likely to face stiff opposition there.

·        Harry Truman had absolutely no experience in foreign policy, the most important qualification at this point in American history.

·        Roosevelt had become so unpopular with the American people that his vice president was likely to have to pay for the sins of his predecessor.

·        Roosevelt’s popularity made it difficult for Truman to win the respect of Congress and the people.

·        At this time in the war, Americans were looking for a president with a military background, something Truman could not offer.

Question 30

 “Totalitarian” had become a shorthand way of describing those on the other side in the Cold War.                                          

·        True

·        False

Question 31

In 1948, the Progressive Party:                 

·        advocated expanded social welfare programs.

·        supported Truman’s civil rights proposals.

·        agreed with Truman’s Cold War policies.

·        advocated expanded social welfare programs.

·        did not allow socialists or communists to join.

·        supported segregation.

Question 32

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights:    

·        included freedom of speech and religion.

·        was drafted by President Truman.

·        was immediately ratified by Congress.

·        did not address economic rights.

·        included freedom of speech and religion.

·        was honored by both the United States and the Soviets.

Question 33

Which statement best describes what NSC-68 called for?       

·        A permanent military buildup and a global application of containment.

·        A sole reliance on nuclear weapons in order to spare conventional forces.

·        Limited strategic goals, confronting the Soviets only at key industrial areas.

·        A permanent military buildup and a global application of containment.

·        Limited strategic goals, confronting the Chinese only at key industrial areas.

·        Patience on the part of the United States in dealing with the Soviet Union.

Question 34

How did black organizations employ the language of the Cold War?                        

·        They noted how the Russians could use racism to damage America’s image abroad, given its hypocrisy about the meaning of “freedom” at home.

·        The NAACP in particular copied the tactics of communist strategists in labor organizations such as the Southern Conference for Human Welfare.

·        They noted how the Russians could use racism to damage America’s image abroad, given its hypocrisy about the meaning of “freedom” at home.

·        Most black activists shied away from any nod to Cold War language for fear of government reprisals.

·        Organizations such as the NAACP used phrases such as “freedom versus slavery” to rally support for desegregation.

·        The NAACP adopted and translated slogans from the Soviet Union.

Question 35

The shopping mall was the inevitable result of what institution?                               

·        The suburb.

·        Free-trade agreements.

·        Fast-food restaurants.

·        The suburb.

·        The Internet.

·        The college.

Question 36

Although suburban communities were segregated in the 1950s, today, communities such as Levittown on Long Island are completely racially integrated.                         

·        True

·        False

Question 37

Despite talk of the glories of the free market, government policies during the 1950s played a crucial role in the postwar economic boom.    

·        True

·        False

Question 38

During the postwar suburban boom, African-Americans:                    

·        were often unable to receive financing for housing.

·        were discriminated against only in the South.

·        received special treatment if they were veterans.

·        experienced little, if any, discrimination, especially in the North.

·        were often unable to receive financing for housing.

·        were encouraged to move into communities like Levittown, New York.

Question 39

The Montgomery Bus Boycott was initiated by Jo Ann Robinson and others who gathered at a local church after Rosa Parks’s arrest.              

·        True

·        False

Question 40

Dwight D. Eisenhower was elected president in 1952 in part because he:                            

·        manifested a public image of fatherly warmth.

·        promised to cut highway construction spending.

·        supported civil rights.

·        pledged to use nuclear weapons in the Korean War.

·        promised to dismantle the New Deal.

·        manifested a public image of fatherly warmth.

Question 41

The “social contract”:                                

·        describes the new style of cooperation between labor and management that emerged in the 1950s and 1960s.

·        was of great benefit to union and the majority of nonunion workers alike.

·        had no effect on workers in nonunion jobs.

·        describes the new style of cooperation between labor and management that emerged in the 1950s and 1960s.

·        did not include wage increases or health insurance.

·        was accepted by the National Association of Manufacturers as a compromise measure to ease labor disputes eroding industry profits.

Question 42

If the 1956 elections had been held in Vietnam as scheduled, they would have almost certainly resulted in a victory for Ho Chi Minh’s communists.           

o   True

o   False

Question 43

Why did auto manufacturers and oil companies vault to the top ranks of corporate America in 1950s?                        

·        The consumer demand for the automobile boomed in this decade.

·        Most members of Congress had business backgrounds.

·        Profits in both industries rose steeply, due to the vast majority of auto manufacturing and oil refinery jobs being shipped overseas.

·        The consumer demand for the automobile boomed in this decade.

·        Lucrative government defense contracts continued, due to a postwar need for military trucks and jeeps.

·        More Americans lived in the suburbs and used public transportation to commute to work.

Question 44

The “standard consumer package” of the 1950s included a car, house, and television.                                         

·        True

·        False

Question 45

What about the golden age of capitalism between 1946 and 1960 was most beneficial for Americans? 

·        Most monetary gains reached ordinary citizens through rising wages.

·        Most monetary gains reached ordinary citizens through rising wages.

·        The United States maintained a trade surplus.

·        The American GNP more than doubled.

·        The economy operated on the gold standard, which made it safe from recessions.

·        Prices remained stable.

Question 46

As residue from the Red Scare, anti-Semitism was widespread in America during the 1950s.                              

·        True   

·        False

Question 47

The Southern Manifesto:                           

·        repudiated the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education.

·        rejected massive resistance.

·        repudiated the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education.

·        argued that the Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson was unconstitutional.

·        argued that the Brown v. Board of Education decision reinforced southern customs and traditions.

·        argued that southern states should not fly the Confederate flag over state capitol buildings.

Question 48

The Montgomery Bus Boycott:     

·        was sparked when Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white man.

·        did not succeed in desegregating the public buses.

·        was sparked when Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white man.

·        marked the end of the civil rights movement.

·        propelled Thurgood Marshall into the national spotlight as a leader in the civil rights movement.

·        lasted less than two weeks.

Question 49

All of the following spurred the growth of the suburban middle class EXCEPT:     

·        trains and streetcars.

·        federal tax subsidies.

·        mortgage guarantees for home purchases.

·        federal highway construction.

·        the GI Bill.

·        trains and streetcars.

Question 50

How did President Dwight D. Eisenhower surpass the New Deal in government involvement in the economy?                             

·        He presided over the construction of 41,000 miles of interstate highways.

·        He established the most generous agricultural subsidy programs in the nation’s history.

·        He presided over the construction of 41,000 miles of interstate highways.

·        He established the Head Start preschool program.

·        He signed Medicaid and Medicare into law.

·        He established the Veterans Administration health care system.