From the following payoff matrix, where the payoffs are the profits or losses of the two firms, determine (a) whether firm A has a dominant strategy, (b) whether firm B has a dominant strategy, (c) the optimal strategy for each firm, and (d) the Nash equilibrium, if there is one. (Refer to Tables Sheet) 2. Explain why the payoff matrix in Problem 1 indicates that firms A and B face the prisoners’ dilemma. The problem 1 payoff matrix is as follows: (Refer to Tables Sheet) 3. Given the following payoff matrix, ( a) indicate the best strategy for each firm. ( b) Why is the entry-deterrent threat by firm A to lower the price not credible to firm B? ( c) What could firm A do to make its threat credible without building excess capacity? (Refer to Tables Sheet) NOTE: P10(a):The strategies for firm A are low price and high price and the strategies for firm B are enter and don't enter. What is the best (optimal) strategy for each firm? P10(b) is asking whether firm A would use the low price as a threat if firm B enters? 15-4 Every year management and labor renegotiate a new employment contract by sending their proposals to an arbitrator who chooses the best proposal ( effectively giving one side or the other $ 1 million). Each side can choose to hire, or not hire, an expensive labor lawyer ( at a cost of $ 200,000) who is effective at preparing the proposal in the best light. If neither hires lawyers or if both hire lawyers, each side can expect to win about half the time. If only one side hires a lawyer, it can expect to win three- quarters of the time. (a) Diagram this simultaneous move game. (b) What is the Nash Equilibrium of the game? (c) Would the sides want to ban lawyers? NOTE: Part of the payoff matrix looks like the table on sheet P15-5 12 How did the 1971 law that banned cigarette advertising on television solve the prisoners’ dilemma for cigarette producers? NOTE: Explain first the prisoners' dilemma for cigarette producers before 1971 law. Use table 11-4, replace Low Price with Advertise, and High Price with Don't Advertise. You would see this is similar to the prisoners' dilemma